Within about a mile and a half from Truro, there is a large smelting-house for tin, which contains ten reverberating furnaces, and employs about twenty men. Culm coal is used as the flux in the proportion of one-eighth to the ore. They smelt within six hours about six hundred weight of the latter, which yields about three hundred and fifty of tin. The furnaces are nearly six feet in height, about as many in length, and three feet or more in breadth.

Truro, (from Truru, three streets, as the word in Cornish signifies), is very pleasantly situated in a valley at the conflux of two small rivers, the Kenwyn and St. Allen, which, with the branch of the Fal, running up from Falmouth, form a fine body of water, sufficient to bring up ships of upwards of one hundred tons burthen. There was, in very early times, a castle here, described by Leland, to have been a quarter of a mile west of Truro, belonging to the Earls of Cornwall, in his time "clean down." From this castle the town is supposed to have derived its origin. The site of the castle is still to be distinguished. By an extraordinary ancient grant, the mayor of this town was also mayor of Falmouth, a circumstance recognised in Queen Elizabeth's time; but, in the last century, successfully resisted by the inhabitants of Falmouth, who now enjoy the advantages arising from the jurisdiction of their own port.

In point of situation, extent, and the regularity of its buildings, this town is well entitled to be denominated the metropolis of the county.— The streets are well paved and lighted; the expense is defrayed by a moderate assessment on each house. A literary society and county library have been established here, ever since the year 1792, by the Cornish noblemen and gentry. A county infirmary, erected under the patronage of the Prince of Wales, was opened in Kenwyn parish, a few years ago, and since supported by voluntary subscription: every department of this establishment is admirably conducted, and it amply fulfils the beneficent intentions of the founders. In that part of the town called High Cross there is a theatre and an assembly-room.

Truro is situated almost in the centre of the mining country, in the Powder Hundred, 267 miles from London. It has two markets, Wednesday and Saturday; this last very large, and well supplied with all sorts of provisions. This town was originally incorporated by Reginald Fitz-Roy, natural son of King Henry, by the name of a mayor and burgesses. The present corporation consists of the mayor, four aldermen, and twenty capital burgesses; and in these 25 persons is vested the right of returning the representatives in parliament for the borough. Upon the election of the major, it is the custom to deliver the town-mace to the lord of the manor, who keeps it until he is paid sixpence for every house, for an acknowledgement.

Truro is situated in three parishes; the centre being in the parish of St. Mary, and the east and west ends in the parishes of St. Clement and Kenwyn. St. Mary's church is a handsome fabric, of alight and elegant style of gothic architecture, built of the moor-stone, or white granite, of the county. There are two aisles of uniform size, and one smaller. The steeple is modern, and not corresponding with the body of the church. The following curious inscription is on a monument in the chancel on the north side:-"To the pious and well-deserved memory of (Owen Penals Phippen, who travelled over many part of the world, and on the 24th March, 1620, Avas taken by the Turks, and made captive in Algiers. He projected sundry plots for his liberty; and on the 17th of June, 1627, with 10 other Christian captives, Dutch and French (persuaded by his counsel and courage) he began a cruel fight with 65 Turks, in their own ship, which lasted three hours, in which five of his companions were slain.

Yet God made him conquer: and so he brought the ship into Cartegina, being of 400 tons and 22 ordnance. The King seat for him to Madrid to see him: be was offered a captain's place and the King's favour if he would turn Papist, which he refused. He sold all for 6,000l. returned into England, and died at Lanerom, 17th March, 1636.

Melcombe in Dorset was his place of birth, Aged 54; and here lies earth on earth. George Fitz Penals Phippen.—Ipsius frater et hujus Ecclesia Rectri." Of late years the coinage of tin has been performed only at this place and Penzance, except in a few instances at Helston, and more tin is exported from Truro than from any other port in Cornwall. The blocks of tin, about 18 inches long, 12 broad, and three inches thick, lie in heaps about the streets unguarded, their great weight being a sufficient protection.

Block tin is here converted into ingots and bars; the weight of the former being from GO to 70lbs. of the latter from eight ounces to one pound. The bars are for the Mediterranean and Baltic; the ingots go to the East Indies. There are also considerable quantities of copper exported from Truro to Swansea and Neath, in South Wales. The crucibles made at Truro are supposed to be the best to be got any where, they are composed of the china-stone mentioned in our account of the minerals of this county. The number of inhabitants returned under the population act was 2482, houses 381. Goverment have extensive barracks here, very beautifully situated. The celebrated Samuel Foote, Esq. was a native of this town, and born at the house now the Red Lion Inn.

The road from Truro to St. Michael, for the first two or three miles, passes through a well-cultivated and fertile country, but for the residue of the stage the whole is moor and common, the chief production of which is dwarf furze.— The use of lime, (if this article could be attained at a moderate rate,) and inclosures, would Tery much improve the waste lands in this district.

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TRURO (Trerhiw, the dwelling on the sloping bank or stream) is a city and municipal borough, head of a union and county court district and a port, with a station on the Great Western railway, 250 miles from London by Road and 300 ½ by rail, 23 south-west from Bodmin, 15 west-by-south from St. Columb, 14 west-south-west from St. Austell, 11 north from Falmouth, 9 east-northeast from Redruth, 27 east-north-east from Penzance, 17 north-east from Helston, 34 south-west from Liskeard, 22 south-west from Lostwithiel and 42 south-west from Launceston, in the Truro division of the county, western division of the hundred of Powder, petty sessional division of Powder West, in the rural deanery of Powder, archdeaconry of Cornwall and diocese of Truro. The city is situated in a valley and comprises the parish of St. Mary with part of the parishes of St. Clement and Kenwyn, and is washed on each side by the two small rivers Kenwyn and Allen, which, after having taken their separate courses to the east and west of the town, unite with a branch of Falmouth harbour commonly called Truro creek or river. At high water the waters form a fine lake, 2 miles in length, extending from Truro to Malpas, commonly called “Mopus”; the channel is of sufficient depth to be navigable for vessels of upwards of 70 tons burthen to the town quay, in the centre of the borough. The customs port extends from the quay down the river to a line drawn from Messick point (limit of port of Falmouth) to Mylor church; fishing boats and implements to be distinguished by letters T. O. The Cornwall and West Cornwall sections of the Great Western railway join here, and also the branch from Falmouth.

The earliest known charter of the borough of Truro was granted by Reginald de Dunstanvill, Earl of Cornwall (1140—75), and illegitimate son of Henry I.; it is undated, but confirms a previous charter, granted about 1130 by Richard de Luci, justiciar; definite municipal privileges were not, however, granted till about 1250; Queen Elizabeth, in 1589, granted a new charter, but under the provisions of the “Municipal Corporations Act, 1835,” (5 and 6 Wm. IV. c. 76) the city is divided into two wards, named respectively the Eastern and Western, and is governed by a mayor, six aldermen and eighteen councillors, under the style of the mayor, aldermen and burgesses of Truro: the city has a commission of the peace: on Sept. 7, 1877, the borough was declared a city by the style of “The city of Truro in the county of Cornwall”: the borough returned two members to parliament from 1295 until 1885, when, by the “Redistribution of Seats Act” of that year, it was deprived of independent representation and merged in the county.

The Mayor of Truro was anciently held to be also mayor of Falmouth, and this right is recited in the charter of Queen Elizabeth, and again in the Herald’s Visitation of 1622; in 1709, this and other claims being disputed by the inhabitants of Falmouth, the Corporation of Truro proceeded on the 1st June in that year to establish their claim by perambulating the borough, then affirmed to include all the country as far as the Black rock at the mouth of Falmouth harbour: the dispute was afterwards submitted to the courts of law and decided in favour of Falmouth.

On the renewal of the water bounds of this borough, once in every six years, a singular custom connected with the tenures and rights of the Corporation is still perpetuated: on reaching the extreme limits of its jurisdiction in the Truro river, the mayor and town clerk, accompanied by such members of the Corporation and other inhabitants as are present, go on shore; a writ for the sum of £999 19s. 11 ¾d. is then produced against a person selected for the purpose, who is arrested by the bailiff of the borough, on which two of the party offer themselves for bail, and the nominal prisoner is liberated. Formerly, at the election of the mayor, the lord of the manor obtained possession of the mace and held it in his hands until sixpence was paid to him by every householder residing within the town, but this impost, known as “smoke money,” has long ceased to be paid.

The streets are regularly built, well paved, and lighted with gas, the gas being supplied by the Truro Gas Company Limited, and the water supply is furnished by a limited company, formed in 1875, with a capital of £20,000; the pumping station is at Tregurrow and the reservoir at St. Clements. A number of houses, called “the Middle row,” were removed in the year 1794, and a spacious street, now called “Boscawen street,” formed in the centre of the city. The principal thoroughfares, having water continually flowing through them, are kept remarkably clean.

Truro was formerly one of the towns having the privilege of coining or more properly “stamping” tin, and possessed this right as early as the reign of King John.

The Stannary Courts for Cornwall and Devon, now transferred to the County Court, by an Act of Parliament, which came into operation January 1st, 1897, were first held at Truro in the first year of the reign of William and Mary, the Earl of Bath being lord warden, “when,” says Lord Lansdowne, “there was the most numerous appearance of gentry of both counties that had ever been assembled together.” The last Cornish Stannary Parliament met at the Coinage hall, on the nth September, 1753.

In September, 1642, Sir Ralph Hopton, Sir Beville Grenville and Sir John Berkeley, being in possession of the King’s warrant, entered Truro and raised a large body of men. Sir Richard Grenville having suffered by a serious encounter at Lostwithiel with the Earl of Essex, in 1644, retreated westward to Truro, and the Earl then destroyed all the Stannary records, which had been removed from the tower of Luxulyan church to the ancient exchequer at Lostwithiel. On August nth in the same year, Sir Richard again marched eastward, taking possession of Lanhydrock House and Respryn Bridge. In 1645 Truro had a visit from Prince Charles, who spent the greater portion of the autumn and winter here. In August, 1649, Sir John Berkeley and Colonel Shingsley, having entered Cornwall for the purpose of inducing the country to strike a blow against the Parliament for Charles II. were captured in the house by Col. Trevanion, and sent prisoners to Truro.

According to Leland, Truro had one parish church, and Kenwyn and Clement’s streets, he remarks, have “several” churches, and “bere the name Sainctes of the Paroch chirches.” The parish church alluded to by him was that of St. Mary; the churches of St. Kenwyn and Clement’s giving name to those streets, are outside the city.

The ancient bishopric of Cornwall was seated, in the 9th century, at the monastery of Dinurrin, a place which it now seems difficult to identify; subsequently the bishopstool was translated to St. German’s, then to Bodmin, and then again to St. German’s, until in 1027 it was united to Crediton by Lyfing, bishop of that see, and in 1046 both dioceses were merged by Leofric in the see of Exeter: a bill for the reconstitution of the see of Cornwall was laid before Parliament in 1847, but without result; various other efforts were made in subsequent years with the same purpose, and the income required being at length obtained, the diocese of Truro was founded by Order in Council, dated Dec. 15, 1876, under the provisions of a special Act (39 and 40 Viet. c. 54) of the same year, separating Cornwall from the diocese of Exeter and constituting it a distinct diocese and assigning the parish church of St. Mary, Truro, as a temporary cathedral, subject to the rights of the patron and incumbent. On the 9th December, 1876, the late Rev. Edward White Benson D.D. was nominated by Her Majesty as the first bishop of Truro, consecrated April 25th, 1877, and enthroned on the 1st May following; he subsequently became Archbishop of Canterbury (1883—1896). At a Diocesan Conference held on October 25th and 26th of the same year, a committee was formed to inquire into the condition of St. Mary’s church, and it was eventually determined to build a cathedral on the site of the church, retaining and restoring the south aisle, and incorporating it with the new building, as the parish church of St. Mary, for the holding of parochial services, adding a small tower with spire at the west end of the aisle. The church thus removed, with the exception of the aisle, in 1880, was built in the first part of the 16th century on the site of two earlier structures, the first of which was dedicated in 1259; but the later work was chiefly Perpendicular, the tower and spire being an addition of debased character; in 1769 the church consisted of a nave and south aisle, each of seven bays, small north aisle of five bays, and south porch, and was 114 feet in length and 38 wide.

The new cathedral of St. Mary, designed by J. L. Pearson esq. R.A. in the Early English style of the early part of the 13th century, is constructed on the exterior of Carnsen granite with box stone dressings, Stephen’s granite, with Doulting and Bath stone, being used for the interior; the general plan comprises a choir of five bays, with retrochoir of two bays, eastern transepts, north and south aisles, and attached to the latter the south aisle of the old church; great transept, each limb being of three bays, south porch, nave of nine bays, with aisles, south-eastern baptistery, south-west porch, and a central and two western towers with spires; the design also includes a cloister court on the north side, communicating with the north aisle of the nave and the eastern aisle of the north transept, and united at this point by an ambulatory with an octagonal chapter house. The portions of this plan at present carried out include the whole of the choir with its adjuncts, the great transept, the lower stage of the central tower, the south porch, baptistery, a portion of the two easternmost bays of the nave, and a tall belfry tower at the west end of the old south aisle with broach copper-covered spire, together 135 feet in height, and containing a clock with chimes and 2 bells, the larger of which was presented in 1770 by Hugh, 2nd Viscount Falmouth, at a cost of £150.

The whole of the flooring of the choir, together with the steps leading thereto, is laid down with Frosterly and serpentine marble, incorporating panelled designs in Devonshire and various foreign marbles and lapis lazuli, the cost, about £1,350, being defrayed by the deaneries of Bodmin, Barrier and Pydar and by the local Church Society: the choir proper is inclosed on either side between the piers by open grilles or screens of hammered iron: the northern bays were the gift of Lord Robartes, as a memorial to his father, Thomas James, 1st Baron Robartes, d. March 9, 1882, and Juliana (Pole-Carew), his wife, d. April 11, 1881, and bear the armorial achievements of both families carved in stone, with mottoes and a legend from the Old Testament running along the string course: the bays on the south side were given by the Fortescue family in memory of the late Hon. George Fortescue, and bear the Fortescue arms and their well-known punning motto; above the arcade is an elegant triforium of coupled arches in each bay, inclosed by wide single arches enriched with dog-tooth ornament, the spandrils being relieved by medallions similarly treated; the clustered vaulting shafts, spring from corbels attached to the piers, and rising through the string course, which is continued round them, are capped midway up the clerestory; this is light in style but of noble proportions, and has tall coupled lights in each bay with a trefoil in the tympanum : the roof is plainly vaulted and groined in stone, the principal ribs being slightly enriched: the stalls for the chapter and choir are of Burmese teak in the Decorated style; those for the members of the chapter, at present 30 in number, are without canopies and were presented by many parishes in the diocese, as well as by private persons, the 23rd stall being a memorial to the late Bishop Philpotts, by his family: the choirmen's seats were chiefly the gift of Mr. and Mrs. Enys, and those for the choir boys were given by the parishioners of St. Peter’s, Eaton square, London : the episcopal throne, also a memorial to Bishop Philpotts, is an elaborate structure of Burmese teak, in the Decorated style, in three divisions; the central division, containing the bishop’s seat, being surmounted by a lofty pyramidal canopy, highly enriched with cusped arches, pinnacles and crocketing; the back of the whole is panelled and arcaded and finished with a cresting and lateral buttresses, and below the canopy are the arms of the sees of Canterbury, London and Truro, impaling those respectively of Archbishops Benson and Temple and Bishop G. H. Wilkinson, 2nd Bishop of Truro and now Bishop of St. Andrew’s, N.B. ; the seats on either side are for the chaplains; the book desks are finely arcaded in front, and divided by moulded buttresses rising above the desk and terminating in carved figures of the four doctors of the Latin Church; under canopies on the front of the centre compartment are figures of the three prelates mentioned above; the whole, executed by Messrs. Luscombe and Son, of Exeter, cost £350: the communion rails, of open brass work, costing £50, were presented by the parish of Newlyn East, and the richly carved mahogany altar table, the gift of the late Miss E. Nankivell, cost £200; the sacrarium or presbytery is inclosed on either side by stone screens, with finely tabernacled sedilia in the Decorated style, and including, on the south side, a piscina and credence, and on the north a seat for the bishop; the panel work of these screens exhibits scenes from the life of Christ, and the five buttresses dividing each are adorned with a series of figures of 30 saints, and on the bishop’s seat are statuettes of Archbishops Becket and Laud; the total cost, defrayed by the deaneries of West and Stratton, was £1,180: the magnificent reredos, erected at a cost of £2,000 by the deanery of Powder, and executed by Mr. N. Hitch, of Kennington, is a very fine work of Bath stone, illustrating, in its elaborately carved groups and imagery, “The Sacrifice and Exaltation of Our Lord”; it is arranged perpendicularly in three sections; the central division, which projects beyond and rises above the others, displays, in two canopied compartments, highly finished representations of the “Crucifixion” and “Our Lord in Majesty,” below which is an arcading with nine figures of angels; the buttresses on either side are enriched with double canopied niches in five tiers filled with statuettes of angels and the Evangelists; the lateral sections of the work, arranged horizontally in three tiers, contain groups typifying the general idea of the design, and figures of the apostles, and the buttresses dividing the work are covered with niches, inclosing figures of prophets and saints; the whole upper stage is finished with hanging tracery, but is perfectly flat and without cresting or other ornament: the fine cross on the communion table, of silver gilt, richly-chased and set with jewels, was presented by Lady Magheramorne: the choir is lit by six brass pendants of very graceful design, presented by H. F. Willey esq. mayor of Exeter in 1893: the choir aisles, with the retrochoir, form a wide and continuous ambulatory, which at the east end is relieved by arcading, in which brasses have been placed by the chapter to the memory of deceased canons: the central portion of the retrochoir is occupied by two tiers of lofty arches in triplets, detached from the main wall, which is pierced by corresponding triplets of lancets, filled with stained glass repeating the subjects of the central division of the reredos, and forming the climax of an elaborate scheme of window decoration to be carried through the whole cathedral when completed: in the retrochoir there are fine memorial windows to the Rev. J. W. Maxwell-Lyte M.A.; Sir R. and Lady Rowe and to Thomas Simon Bolitho esq. d. 1887, erected by his widow and daughters: the brass eagle lectern, presented by Miss Harriet Lanyon, has scrolled candle brackets, and detached standards supporting figures of the Evangelists: the pulpit, placed at the entrance to the choir on the north side, was presented, at a cost of £350, by the late Rev. Canon R. F. Wise M.A. of Ladock, and is constructed of Hoptonwood stone on a base of Frosterly marble, the plan being heptagonal; the upper stage is divided into six recessed compartments with foliaged canopies, containing seated figures of “preachers of righteousness” from Noah to St. Paul; the lower stage forms an open arcading. Extending under the entire chancel and its aisles is a groined and vaulted crypt, carried on clustered piers : access is obtained by stairs on both sides of the choir, and here are at present vestries and a temporary chapter room. At the top of the stairs, on the wall of the north-east (choir) transept is a tablet to Mr. Edw. Hoblyn Pedler, of Liskeard, erected under the directions of the will of his sister Ann, of the same town; Miss Pedler also, at the desire of her brother, whose fortune she inherited, left the munificent sum of over £15,000 for the maintenance and endowment of Truro cathedral. In the north aisle of the choir are memorial windows to the late Mrs. Thornton, erected by Canon F. V. Thornton M.A. to John Lucius Dampur esq. vicewarden of the Stannaries 1836—55, Sir Edward Smirke, second vice-warden of the Stannaries, and to Canon R. F, Wise: in the north transept are memorial windows to the late Mr. Pole Carew, formerly M.P. for East Cornwall, and to John and Mary .Roberts; a memorial window to the late Alderman Chirgwin, mayor of Truro, has also been erected.

Between the south aisle of the choir and the old south aisle of the former parish church is a passage or ambulatory, rendered necessary in order to effect the junction of two structures dissimilar both in style and in height: the multiplication of clustered shafts caused by this arrangement, and the other architectural expedients adopted in uniting the two fabrics, add considerably to the general effect of the interior and form a feature of singular interest; the old south aisle, thus incorporated, now forms a small but complete parochial church in itself, and has secured to it, under an Act of Parliament passed in June, 1887, all the legal rights and privileges of a parish church; it was built between the years 1504 and 1518, in the Perpendicular style of that date and consists of seven bays; the communion table is that of the old church, and was the gift of George Phippen, rector, 1624—48; a modern piscina and credence of stone, have been added: the old organ, built by Byfield in 1750, and subsequently enlarged, has been re-arranged and rebuilt on the south side of the aisle: the font from the old church, now placed here, is a work of Caen stone, decorated with tracery and foliage: the east window of five lights is filled with stained glass comprising the emblems of the Evangelists, and shields emblazoned with the instruments of the Passion, together with appropriate texts: some of the other windows are memorials to Sarah Harvey, d. 1842; Louis Charles Daubuz, d. 1839, and Wilmot, his wife, d. 1814; and Humphrey Willyams, d. 1846; in the three westernmost windows are various fragments of ancient glass, with the inscription “WILL’MO. 1548”; at the west end of the aisle is a newel staircase leading to the clock tower: the wagon roof of the aisle, substantially constructed of wood, has been carefully renovated.

The piers supporting the great central tower consist of a series of clustered shafts, rising from high moulded bases and carrying elegant arches richly carved with dog tooth ornament, above which is the first stage of the tower, surrounded by a handsome arcading, and intended eventually to be finished with a groined lantern: the north transept, about 10 feet longer than the southern limb, has eastern and western aisles, triforium and clerestory, and is lighted at the north end by three windows of coupled lancets, and over these a large rose window, the tracery of which was presented by Miss Gurney, the cost of the stained glass, £650, being defrayed by the deanery of Penwith; this transept has a gallery with open parapet, carried on a vaulting supported by fine columns: occupying the triforium on the east side is the organ chamber, containing a magnificent instrument by Willis, chiefly the gift of the deaneries of Carnmarth and St. Austell, a sum £409 being also contributed by Miss C. Wiikinson, and various smaller amounts by other donors, the total cost being £3,630; the front of the organ, at present only temporary, fills the triforium and clerestory in the two western bays of the choir: the north transept also now contains the monuments formerly in the parish church, including, on the north wall, a monument of alabaster and marbles in the Renaissance style, with columns supporting an entablature and pediment adorned with a shield of arms; below are semi-recumbent effigies and an inscription to John Robarts esq. ob. March 21, 1614, and Philipe (Gavrigan), his wife; the whole has been effectively restored at the expense of Lord Robartes; near this is a brass to the late Lieut.-Col. A. Cardew: on the west wall are memorials to the Vivian family, 1816—55, including one to Lieut.-General Sir Richard Hussey Vivian bart. first Baron Vivian G.C.B., G.C.H. &c. d. August 20, 1842, to John Henry Vivian esq. M.P. for Swansea, d. 10th February, 1855, and to the Right Hon. Hussey Crespigny, 3rd Baron Vivian, Ambassador Extraordinary to Rome, who died at the British Embassy, Rome, October 23, 1893; there is also here a monument of slate and alabaster to Richard Pendarves, ob. 27 December, 1667, and Sarah, his wife; to the late Mrs. S. Roxburgh Polwhele, of Polwhele; and one, with shields of arms, to Owen Fitz Pen, alias Phippen, who, after being captured by the Turks and taken to Algiers in 1620, in 1627, with ten other Christian captives, Dutch and French, got possession of a Turkish ship of 400 tons and 22 guns, which he brought into Cartagena, and having sold it for £6,000, returned to England, and died at Laneron, 17th March, 1636; this monument was placed by George Fitz Pen, alias Phippen M.A. his brother and rector of St. Mary’s, to whom, with Jane, his wife, there is also a memorial, 1591—1628: there is a tablet with inscription in Latin to the late Dr. Thomas Hingston, of Edinburgh, and Queens’ College, Cambridge, d. 1837, erected by his college friends; and one, of alabaster and sienna and dark grey marbles, with inscription in Latin by the late Archbishop of Canterbury, to the late Professor John Couch Adams M.A., F.R.S. discoverer of the planet Neptune, who was born near Launceston in 1816, erected by subscription, and executed by Mr. W. Juleff, sculptor, of Grampound Road, from designs of Mr. J. L. Pearson R.A. architect; there are also brasses to Thomas Haselle, ob. 1567, and to Cuthbert Sydnam, mayor in 1627, ob. 1630, with robed effigy and arms, placed by Jane, his wife; and one of a civilian, to the Burges family, 1679—88, erected in 1714 by Judith (Burges), relict of Robert Hoblyn, with more of later date: in the crypt are now placed two life-size alabaster effigies of a man and his wife, taken from the old church.Stolen from Fore-bears

The south transept, which forms a memorial to the late Dr. Benson, first Bishop of Truro, and Archbishop of Canterbury 1883—96, in recognition of his successful efforts in organizing the revived diocese, differs entirely in its ground plan from the north transept, but is otherwise similar: the fine circular window, corresponding to that on the north side, is filled with stained glass, presented at a cost of £500, by the masters and boys of Wellington College, of which Dr. Benson was headmaster from 1859 to 1872, and in a recess, carved on one of the piers of the transept, the pastoral staff of the first Bishop of Truro is preserved: a handsome chair and desk were presented in 1890—1 for the use of the mayors of Truro, by Mr. Councillor A. Laverton, then mayor. Nearly adjoining this transept on the west is the baptistery, a circular annexe projecting from the nave, and opening thereto by an arcade with shafts of Cornish serpentine: it constitutes a memorial to Henry Martyn, the distinguished mathematician and missionary, and a native of Truro, who died at Tokat, in Asia Minor, 16th October, 1812: the interior has a groined roof, with rich carving, supported on clustered shafts surrounding the graduated platform on which stands the circular font, a fine work of various marbles, executed at a cost of £250, raised by the Sunday school children of the diocese: the font cover of oak, presented by the Diocesan Training College, at a cost of £200, is circular at the base but rises into a spired octagon with two tiers of gablets, richly crocketed, and alternating with crocketed pinnacles and other elaborated details : the marble flooring of the baptistery was contributed by the deanery of St. Austell, and the carving and other work by the deanery of Kirrier: the space below the windows is arcaded : in the vestibule of the baptistery is a stained window, erected by W. D. Boger esq. in memory of his wife, and in. the spandrils of the arches are two carved medallions, presented by the late Archbishop Benson and Canon Thomas Phillpotts.

The best view of the exterior is obtained from the south side, which includes the embattled south aisle of the old church, much enriched with canopied niches and carved work, the southern limbs of the choir and great transepts, the clock tower, the baptistery with its pinnacles and conical roof, and the fine south porch, named after the late Canon Thomas Phillpotts, of Porthgwidden, who gave a sum exceeding £1,000 towards its erection; this is three-sided in plan, with clustered piers supporting graceful arches and tall pinnacled buttresses relieved by niches inclosing figures, and rising above a quatrefoiled parapet: the arches have triangular heads, highly elaborated, and the spaces above are filled with diaper work medallions: all the principal gables of the cathedral are flanked by double buttresses surmounted by open octagonal-spired turrets, those at the east end being surrounded with gablets: the central tower js at present covered in with a pyramidal roof, rising sufficiently to form a marked feature in the general outline. The entire building, when finished, will be about 300 feet in length, with an area of 23,000 square feet; of the completed portion, the choir is 115 feet long and with its aisles 62 feet wide, and has a total interior height of 70 feet; the great transept is 109 feet long and 58 feet wide; the central tower and spire are intended to reach a height of 250 feet, and the two western towers and spires 200 feet. The communion plate includes a gold set, comprising chalice, paten and flagon, anonymously presented and valued at £500; the chalice and flagon are both richly adorned with chasing and repousse work from designs by J. L. Pearson esq. R.A.; there is also a bishop’s chalice of gold and silver gilt, made from articles of jewellery given by many different persons to the cathedral; the vessel itself is composed of the precious metals of these gifts, and the gems removed from them, about 300 in number, have been re-set in the knop and foot of the chalice, with which is used a paten of gold and silver gilt, adorned with repousse work and also set with jewels: there are also two other chalices, given by Prebendary Kinsman and Miss Franks, three patens, a silver gilt bread dish, the gift of Lady St. Levan, a silver gilt flagon, presented by H.R.H. the Princess of Wales, and a solid gold chalice, paten and credence flagon, the gift of the Rev. R. J. Roe M.A.

The foundation stones of the Cathedral were laid 20th May, 1880, by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales K.G. Duke of Cornwall, acting as Grand Master of the Freemasons, one at the north-east angle of the choir and another in the nave, dedicatory services being at the same time conducted by Dr. Benson, then Bishop of Truro: the building was opened in the presence of H.R.H. on Nov. 3rd, 1887. Messrs. Shillitoe and Son, of Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, were the builders. The amount expended up to October, 1888, was £114,081 11s. 9d. all raised by subscription. The Right Rev. John Gott D.D. the present bishop, was consecrated in St. Paul’s Cathedral on the 29th Sept. 1891.

The register of St. Mary’s dates from the year 1590. The living of St. Mary’s is a rectory, net yearly value £90, with residence, in the gift of the Bishop of Truro, and held since 1897 by the Rev. Frederic Evelyn Gardiner M.A. of Trinity College, Dublin and sub-dean of Truro.

St. George’s is an ecclesiastical parish, formed Aug. 11, 1846, out of the civil parish of Kenwyn: the church, which stands in the western, or Ferristown district, is a building of stone in the Early English style, erected in 1855 from designs by the Rev. William Haslam, then incumbent of Baldhu, and consists of aspidal chancel, nave, transepts, north porch and a tower, with plain parapet and pinnacles, the ground floor of which is used as a baptistery: the east window and others ill the apse are stained: the west window, erected by subscription in 1866, is a memorial to Alfred, son of William and Maria Jenkins, who died in Chili, 24th, July, 1866; one in the chancel is inscribed to the Rev. P. C. Wrench S.T.B.: the font was given anonymously: there are 525 sittings. The baptismal register dates from the year 1846. The living is a vicarage, net yearly value £141, with residence, in the gift of the Crown and bishop alternately, and held since 1889 by the Rev. Frederick William Newman. The area is 235 acres; the population in 1891 was 3,050.

St. John’s is an ecclesiastical parish, formed Jan. 10, 1865, from the civil parish of Kenwyn. The church, at the top of Lemon street, is a rectangular building of stone in a quasi-Italian style, erected in 1827—8, and consists of a wide open nave with shallow apse, and galleries and a turret with cupola, containing one bell: there are three stained windows, two of which are memorials to Mary Anna Peppin Roberts, d. 17 Jan. 1877 and Elizabeth Heard, d. 10 Sept. 1867, besides others: various improvements were carried out during the period 1893—7, at a cost of £1,516: there are sittings for 800 persons. The register of baptisms dates from the year 1852; marriages from 1865. The living is a vicarage, net yearly value £100, in the gift of the vicar of Kenwyn, and held since 1892 by the Rev. Frank Ernest Lewis, of Queen's College, Birmingham. A new vicarage house was erected on the Falmouth Road in 1888, from designs by Henderson and Son, architects, of Truro, at a cost of £1,480, the site being purchased from Lord Robartes for about £175.

St. Paul's is ah ecclesiastical parish, formed Feb. 7, 1865, out of that portion of the parish of St. Clement’s lying within the borough of Truro. The church, in the Agar road, erected in 1848, is a building of stone in the Perpendicular style, consisting originally of chancel, nave, south aisle and south porch: in 1884 it was restored under the direction of J. D. Sedding esq. architect, of London, and a new chancel erected of Polyphant stone from Lewannic, near Launceston, the lower stage of a tower erected so as to form the east end of the south aisle, and transepts added, beneath which are vestry and parish rooms: the new chancel is divided from the nave by a screen of carved oak, consisting of a central arch and two arched openings on either side with a rood loft above, erected as a memorial to Jessie Gardiner, by her husband: the brass eagle lectern was the gift of Miss Mansel Tweedy, of Alverton: the east window is a memorial of the late Sir Philip Protheroe Smith, of Truro, d. 24 June, 1882, and there are four other stained windows: in 1889 a north aisle was built, and the roof of the nave raised: the total cost of the alterations up to 1890 amounted to £4,975 : there are 610 sittings. The register dates from the year 1865. The living is a vicarage, net yearly value, £112, with residence, in the gift of the vicar of St. Clement’s, and held since 1894 by the Rev. George Frederick Forbes M.A. of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge. The area is 316 acres; the population in 1891 was 3,400.

The Catholic church, dedicated to St. Piran, in Dereham terrace, Kenwyn street, was built in 1885 at a cost of about £2,000, and will seat 150 persons; it is served from the Priory, Bodmin.

The Society of Friends’ meeting house, at Truro Vean, was built in 1825 and has sittings for 300 persons : Mrs. Elizabeth Fry, the celebrated philanthropist, was present at the opening service.

The Baptist chapel, in River street, is a building of stone, erected in 1789, rebuilt in 1850, and will seat 500 persons. The Congregational chapel, River street, built in 1761 and rebuilt in 1857, is an edifice of stone in the Gothic style and has 450 sittings. The Bible Christian chapel, St. Clement street, is a plain building of stone, erected in 1835, and will seat 600 persons; another in Zelah lane, was built in 1859 and enlarged in 1888. The Primitive Methodist chapel, Kenwyn street, is a building of stone, erected in 1878, and has sittings for 350 persons. The Free Methodist chapel, St. George’s road, built in 1880, is an edifice of stone in the Gothic stvle, and will seat 550 persons. The Wesleyan chapel (St. Mary’s), Chapel yard, Pydar street, erected in 1831, and renovated and enlarged in 1884 under the direction of Mr. S. Trevail, is a large rectangular building of stone and granite, and has sittings for about 1,600 persons. There is also a Wesleyan chapel in William street, seating about 400 persons.

The Methodist New Connexion chapel, Castle street, was built in 1834 and has 600 sittings. There is a Wesleyan Mission school in Calenick street, also used for divine service.

The burial-ground for the parish of St. Mary, about five acres in extent and near to the site of the Old Castle, at the head of Pydar street, was formed and inclosed in the last century, and has since been twice enlarged: there is one mortuary chapel.

Truro general cemetery, in St. Clement’s hill, consisting of half an acre of ground, was laid out in 1840 by a company and is now disused except in the case of family vaults: Truro new general cemetery, adjoining the above, and consisting of 4a. 1r. 21p. of land, with a mortuary chapel and sexton’s residence, was laid out by the Corporation acting as the Urban Sanitary Authority at a total cost of nearly £3,000.

The Town Hall, erected in 1846, is a building in the Italian style, with an elegant frontage, surmounted by a turret containing an illuminated clock, presented by L. J. Dampier esq. The municipal portion of the structure comprises, apart from the Town Hall, a council chamber, police station and the offices of the Stannaries and fire brigade; in the west wall is an ancient tablet of stone, displaying the town arms, with the inscription :-“DANIEL IENKEN, MAIOR. WHO SEEKS TO FIND ETERNAL TREASVRE, MVST VSE NO GVILE IN WAIGHT OR MEASVRE 1615.” The insignia of the Corporation consist of two maces, a silver oar, mayor’s chain and badge, and two borough seals: the maces, of silver and 22 indies in length, form a pair, and have plain banded shafts and flanged bases; the heads are encircled by a banding of cast ornament, consisting of nude figures, kneeling, with uplifted hands, and elaborate scroll-work, above is a cresting of fleurs-de-lis, and round the lower part of the heads are bunches of fruit and ornaments in relief; on the flat raised tops are the royal arms of the Stuarts: the silver oar, 6 ¼ inches in length, is engraved with the name of the city: the mayor’s chain and badge were purchased by the Corporation in 1880, On the occasion of the visit of T.R.H. the Prince and Princess of Wales; the chain, of silver gilt, consists of a series of links, alternating with shields; the central link bears a shield, enamelled in colours, with the arms of Cornwall, “az. 10 bezants, 4, 3, 2, 1,” surmounted by the prince’s plume; on either side are shields bearing the arms of the city, and the pendent badge repeats these arms, richly enamelled, with the motto, “Exaltatum Cornu in Deo”: the two circular seals also exhibit the city arms, and one has the same legend: the mayor’s robes are of scarlet cloth trimmed with silk and sable fur.

The Market House is under the Town Hall, and the basement forms a general market. Markets are held on Wednesday and Saturday; the former chiefly for grain and the latter is well supplied with all sorts of provisions. The cattle markets are held the first and third Wednesdays in the month on Castle hill.

The fairs held at Truro are on Wednesday in Whitsun week, November 19th and December 8th. A horse fair is also held in the month of September.

There are tin smelting works, belonging to the Consolidated Co. Limited, Carvedras, and employing about 20 persons, besides three small potteries in Truro and one at Calenick, 1 mile from Truro, at which the crucibles used in tin smelting are made, but the latter is now (1897) closed: a large flour mill, belonging to Messrs. John Lake and Son Limited; three saw mills, the tannery of J. F. Read and Co. the boot factory of Charles Barrett and Son, the biscuit factory of Messrs. Farniss and Co. Limited, the jam factory of George Dixon and Sons, and shirt and clothing manufactories.

The exports consist principally of tin, iron, ores, read and blende, or zinc, of which large quantities are dispatched from this place; the tin being previously converted into blocks, ingots and bars.

Coals are brought here from the Principality by water, and timber (used chiefly in the mines) from Norway and other places.

The Post Office, opened December 15, 1886, is a building of stone in the Classic style of the Queen Anne period, erected on the property at the expense of Lord Robartes, of Lanhydrock, from designs by Mr. Silvanus Trevail, architect, of Truro. The site is central and convenient, being at the junction of Pydar and King Streets with the High Cross. The building, of three floors, is lofty, airy and well lighted, and internally the accommodation afforded is of a superior character.

The Corn Exchange, a large building in Boscawen street, is also let for meetings, for which purposes it will seat 500 persons.

The Cornisih Bank, at the east end of Boscawen street, is a noble edifice of stone, in the Elizabethan style, on the site of the ancient coinage hall; this bank was established in 1771 and reconstructed in 1879 as a limited company. The Devon and Cornwall Bank have fine premises at the corner of Boscawen street and Lemon street, erected from designs by Mr. Silvanus Trevail F.R.I.B.A. Messrs. Bolitho, Williams, Foster, Goode, Grylls and Co. Limited (Consolidated Bank of Cornwall) have two banks here: the Miners’ Bank, established in 1771, in Princes street, and the West Cornwall Bank at the corner of King street and St. Nicholas street; this bank was rebuilt of granite in 1888, from designs by Mr. James Hicks, of Redruth. The Savings Bank in River street, established in the year 1818, is now closed and the business transferred to the Post Office Savings Bank.

The hotels include the Red Lion, in Boscawen street, which has been completely remodelled under the direction of Mr. S. Trevail.

The Truro Humane Society, instituted in 1812 with the object of rendering pecuniary assistance to the needy, is supported by voluntary contributions.

The Truro Public Rooms, erected in 1869—70, at the eastern end of the town, form an edifice of stone in the Tudor style, with frontages towards Quay street and the Green, and consist of a central block with eastern and western wings. The buildings comprise a spacious and well proportioned concert hall, containing a very fine organ, erected at a cost of £700 and a county library. The rooms, which are licensed for theatrical performances, are also used for meetings of local musical societies and billiard clubs: immediately adjoining and connected with the Public Rooms are a Masonic hall and the Philpotts’ library. The County Library and reading room, established in 1792, contains nearly 8,500 volumes, to which valuable additions are made every month by the purchase of new books: the reading room is well supplied with the leading reviews, magazines and newspapers; the Philpotts’ Theological Library was presented to the clergy of Cornwall in 1856 by Bishop Phillpotts, on condition that a suitable room should be erected for its reception, which was eventually done, and the library opened by the Bishop of Exeter, in May, 1871; it is now available, without restriction either as to creed or sex, to all persons duly elected, and has been considerably augmented by the addition of the Truro theological library, founded in 1836; the library of the late Prebendary Ford, presented in 1872, and others given by the late Rev. Dr. Bray, the late Rev. Anthony Buller, of Pound, Tavistock, in 1885 ; the late Prebendary Barnes; the late Rev. R. P. Warren, vicar of Hyde, and a large and especially valuable bequest by the late Rev. Franke Parker, rector of Luffincott, Devon, beside a valuable collection given by the Rev. Canon Hockin: the room is also used for meetings connected with church work, and is supplied with a limited number of church magazines and papers. The Masonic hall, occupying a portion of the eastern wing, is used for the meetings of the Phoenix Lodge of Honour and Prudence, the Cornubian Royal Arch Chapter, and a Chapter of the Rose Croix; the Fortitude and Mark lodges assemble at the Masonic Hall, in Old Bridge street. The Truro Philharmonic Society and the Truro Billiard and Chess Club have the use of the Public Rooms.

The Passmore Edwards Free Library, in Pydar street, built in 1896 by Mr. Passmore Edwards on a site given by the corporation, is a building of limestone and granite, containing well-appointed committee and general reading rooms, a lending library of 4,000 volumes and a reference library of upwards of 1,000 volumes. Octavius Allan Ferris esq. of Truro left £2,000 to the library, of which £300 was appropriated for fittings and the remainder being invested.

The Royal Institution of Cornwall, founded in 1818, and situated in Pydar street, was established for the promotion of knowledge in Natural History, Natural Philosophy and Antiquities, especially in relation to the county of Cornwall; many publications of considerable value and interest have been issued by this institution, including an account of the Fauna of the county, additions to Borlase’s Natural History of Cornwall &c.; and since 1838 a yearly series of reports and transactions has been regularly continued, and daily meteorological observations have been carefully recorded and analysed. The Museum contains one of the most valuable general collections in the West of England, including many important additions received during the last few years; there is a lecture room and a laboratory, reconstructed in 1892 at a cost of £100; in the library and reading room periodical meetings and conversazioni are held, at which communications are read and discussed; patron, The Queen; vice-patron, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall; president, Rt. Hon. Leonard H. Courtney P.C., M.P.; treasurer, Mr. Arthur P. Nix; hon. secretaries, Rev. W. Iago B.A. and Major Parkyn F.G.S.; librarian and curator, Richard A. Gregg.

Two newspapers are published in the town: the “Royal Cornwall Gazette,” established 1801 (Conservative), on Thursdays (with which was incorporated in 1877 “The Cornish Weekly News,” first issued in 1858) and “The West Briton” (Liberal), on Monday and Thursday.

The City Police Station is in Boscawen street, adjoining the Town hall; the County Police Station at St. Clement’s hill was rebuilt in 1893.

The head quarters of E and F Companies 1st Volunteer Battalion of the Duke of Cornwall’s Light Infantry are in Pydar street. The barracks of the 10th Company 1st Cornwall (Duke of Cornwall’s) Artillery Volunteers, Western Division Royal Artillery, mustering about 77 rank and file, are in Lemon quay.

The Royal Cornwall Infirmary, on an eminence at the top of Calenick street, near to the old road formerly leading to Falmouth, is a plain and spacious building of stone, erected by public subscription in 1799, but chiefly by the munificence of Francis, Lord de Dunstanville and Basset, and supported by voluntary contributions; it is well arranged and conducted, and contains 52 beds: the number of in-patients admitted during the year ending May 31, 1896, was 314; number of operations, 147; accidents, 39; out-patient casualties, 158; outpatients, 627.

The Dispensary, in Union place, Pydar street, was established in 1842; the total number of patients since the foundation to 1897 was 33,006.

There is a Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Pydar street, under the control of the Urban Sanitary Authority, and having eight beds.

Among the most ancient houses in the town is a hospital for ten widows, situated in Pydar street, and founded in 1631 by Mr. Henry Williams, of this town, woollen draper; the almshouses consist of several low buildings, inclosing a square court with an embattled wall of granite next the street, and were erected at a cost of £225 19s. 7d.: the inmates are allowed 5s. per week and clothes. The income of this charity, which is derived from land and money in the funds, is said to be about £120 yearly. Six additional rooms were added in 1890 by Mr. Theophilus L. Dorrington, Cathedral lane, Truro, but are not at present endowed. Other charities are John White’s, £3 spent annually in bread for the poor, 1584; Thomas Jones’, £5 annually to the poor, 1773; Francis Gregor's donation of £2 to the parish of St. Clement, 1637; Germyn Griest’s (date unknown) was formerly an almshouse, but the property was sold for £185, and the late inmates now receive the benefit of the purchase money; James Erskine’s, the interest of £100, is spent in the purchase of coal for the poor; clerk and treasurer, F. H. Cock esq.; offices, River street.

Besides Samuel Foote, the comedian, Richd. Polwhele, the historian, and others previously mentioned, Richard Lander (b. Feb. 8, 1804) and John Lander (b. 1807), the faithful attendants of Capt. Hugh Clapperton, the Scotch traveller, in his expedition to Africa to discover the source and course of the Niger, were also natives of the town; they pursued their search after Clapperton’s death (April 13, 1827) ; and to the memory of Richard, who died at Fernando Po, Feb. 7, 1834, from injuries received in Africa, a granite column has been erected on the hill at the southern end of Lemon street. Through this street is the main road leading to Falmouth.

There formerly existed here a religious house of Poor Clares, or Nuns Minoresses, at the bottom of Lemon street, and a Dominican chapel and friary, on the north side of Kenwyn street, founded before 1259 by the family of Reskymer.

The scenery in the immediate vicinity of Truro is particularly beautiful, with arable, pasture and wood lands blended.

At a place called Malpas, or Mopus Passage, two miles south-east from Truro, large quantities of Roman coins have been discovered, and at this point is a ferry which crosses the river to Tregothnan, the noble seat of the Right Hon. Viscount Falmouth.

Amongst the various seats situated in the town are Glan Mor, Richard Ferris Michell esq.; Tremorvah, Lady Smith : Southleigh, the Worshipful Robert Macleane Paul M.A., Chancellor of the Diocese; Gwendroc, John Gilbert Chilcott esq.

The area of the mother parish of St. Mary is 190 acres ; rateable value, £10,312. The population and rateable value of the municipal borough in 1891 was as follows:

+Including 51 inmates of the Royal Cornwall Infirmary. +Including 185 officers and inmates in the Workhouse.

Petty Sessions are held at the Town Hall, the last Saturday in every month, at 11 a.m. The following places are included in the Petty Sessional division:-Kenwyn, Kea, Perranzabuloe, St. Agnes, Feock, Ladock, St. Erme, St. Allen, St. Clement, St. Michael Penkivell & Tregavethan.

TRURO UNION

Board day, alternate Wednesdays at 11 a.m. at the Workhouse, St. Clement’s.

The Union comprises the following places, viz.:-.St. Agnes, St. Anthony in Roseland, St. Allen, Cornelly, St. Clement’s, Cuby, St. Erme, Feock, Gerrans, St. Just, Kea, Kenwyn, Ladock, Lammoran, Truro (St. Mary’s), Merther, St. Michael Penkivel, Perranzabuloe, Philleigh, Probus, Ruanlanihorne, Tregavethan, Tregony & Veryan. The population of the union in 1891 was 33,688; area, 89,288 acres; rateable value in 1896, £132,015.

PLACES OF WORSHIP, with times of services. Churches.

The Cathedral & Parish Church of St. Mary, The Right Rev. John Gott D.D. bishop; Rev. Frederic Evelyn Gardiner M.A. sub-dean & rector; Rev. Canon Arthr. John Worlledge M.A. chancellor; Rev. Canon Augustus Blair Donaldson M.A. precentor & missioner; Rev. Philip Upstone M.A. priest vicar of Cathedral; Rev. Arthur Mirrielees Cazalet B.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, priest vicar & curate; Holy Communion on great festivals & last Sun. in the month at 7 & 8 a.m. & at noon; on every Sun. at 8 a.m.; 1st & 3rd Sun. in the month at noon. Other services, Sun. matins 11 a.m. on Easter day & Whitsun day at 10.30 а.m.; litany, when there is a celebration of Holy Communion after matins, at 4.15 p.m. ; other Sun. after matins; children’s service, 3.45 p.m. & on holy days at 9.15 a.m. evensong 6.15 p.m.; week days, matins, 7.30 a.m.; holy days at 10.30 with sermon; litany, Wed. & Fri. at noon, evensong at 4 p.m.; evensong, daily at 7 p.m. throughout the year, except holy days, when it is 7.30 p.m.; Holy Communion daily at 8 a.m.

Organist of Cathedral, Mark James Monk Mus. Doc. Oxon.

Verger, T. Pascoe.

Assistant Verger, T. Allen.

Canons’ Verger, T. Allen.

Parish Clerk & Sexton, S. Holloway.

St. George’s Church, St. George’s road, Carvedras, Rev. Frederick William Newman, vicar; 8 & 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m.; daily, 8 a.m. & 7 p.m.; children’s service 3 p.m. last Sun. in month.

St. John’s, Lemon street, Rev. Frank Ernest Lewis, vicar; Rev. A. E. Crowden, B.A. curate; 11 a.m. & 3 p.m.; children, 6.15 p.m.; daily, 10 a.m. & 6 p.m. except Wed. 10 a.m. & 7 p.m. ; Holy Communion daily at 8 a.m. & Wed. at 10.30; Sun. at 8 a.m. first & third in the month at 12.

St. Paul’s, Agar road, Rev. George Frederick Forbes M.A. vicar; Rev. John Thwaites Mumford M.A. & Rev. Austin Henry Thompson M.A. curates; 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m.; Holy Communion, 8 a.m.; matins, daily, 8.30 a.m.; litany, Wed. & Fri. at 8.50 p.m.; servicer for children every Sun. at 3 p.m.

St. Mary’s Chapel of Ease, Kenwyn road; evensong, 6.45 p.m. on Sundays & festivals; Fri. 7.30 p.m.; Holy Communion 2nd Sun. in month at 8 a.m.

St. Mary’s Schoolroom, Pydar street, catechisng 3.45 p.m. excepting 2nd & 4th Sundays.

St. Paul’s Mission Chapel, St. Clement street, 6.30 p.m. & Wed. 8 p.m.

Society of Friends’ Meeting House, Truro Vean, 11.30 a.m. & 6 p.m. in summer & 4 p.m. in winter; Thur. 11 a.m.

Catholic, St. Piran, Dereham terrace, served from The Priory, Bodmin; mass 11 a.m. ; confession Sat. evening; rosary, sermon & benediction 6.30 p.m.

Baptist, River street, Rev. Charles B. Williams; 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m.; Tues. 7.30 p.m.

Bible Christians’, St. Clement street, Rev. Henry S. Munday; 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m.; Tues. & Fri. 7 p.m.

Congregational, River street, Rev. Clinton de Burgh; 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m. ; Thur. 7.30 p.m.

Methodist New Connexion, Castle street, Rev. Peter Baker; 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m.; Tues. 7.15 p.m.

Plymouth Brethren, Campfield hill, 11 a.m. & 6.30 p.m.; Wed. 7.30 p.m.

Primitive Methodist, Kenwyn street, Rev. James Thomas Nann; 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m.; Thur. 7.30 p.m.

United Methodist Free Church, St. George’s road, Rev. Joe Cockin; 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m.; Thur. 7 p.m.

Wesleyan (St. Mary’s), Union place, Pydar street, Rev. Samuel Fogg (supt.) ; Rev. Henry Hoole & Rev. William G. Allen; 11 a.m. & 6.15 p.m. ; Mon. 7 p.m.; Chapel of Ease to Do. William street; 11.30 a.m. & 6.15 p.m.; Tues. 7.30 p.m.

Mission School (Wesleyan), Calenick street; 6.15 p.m.; Wed. 7.30 p.m.

SCHOOLS

Truro Grammar school was founded in 1549 by a member of the Borlase family for the purposes of classical education ; there were formerly two exhibitions of £30 each, tenable for seven years or during residence, at Exeter College, Oxford, founded by the trustees of the charitable bequests of the Rev. St. John Elliot, who died in 1760, but under the new scheme of the Endowed Schools Cominissioners, there are now instead of these, eight scholarships of the value of £15 yearly each, tenable at the school: the old buildings having become unfit for use, the governors, acting under a scheme of the Charity Commissioners, have assigned the income of the foundation for the purposes of the school which is now carried on at Newham house, Truro, where boarders are received until the completion of the new buildings ; there are now (1897) about 50 pupils; among the distinguished persons educated at this school may be mentioned Samuel Foote, the comedian, born here about 1726 ; the Rev. Richard Polwhele, author of a “History of Cornwall,” born here January 6, 1760; Edward (Pellew), Viscount Exmouth, the distinguished admiral, born at Dover April 19, 1757; Sir Humphry Davy kt. & bart. LL.D., F.R.S., A.R.A. born at Penzance in 1778 ; General James Macarmick M.P. ; the Rev. Henry Martyn B.D. missionary in India & Persia, born at Truro February 18, 1781, & Lieut.-General Sir R. Hussey Vivian bart. G.C.B., G.C.H. 1st baron Vivian, born here July 28, 1775; Francis George Elwes Field M.A. of St. John’s College, Cambridge, headmaster; Arthur Cornish B.A. & Alan Gardner B.A. assistant masters; M. J. Monk Mus. Doc. Oxon. music master Cathedral Divinity School (Scholae Cancellarii), 9 & 10 Strangway’s terrace; founded in October, 1877, in connection with the cathedral body, being especially under the care of the chancellor ; the school is intended for the training of graduates and non-graduates for the work of the ministry of the Church of England; a bursary of £40, tenable for two years, is offered annually to students in need of assistance; Rev. Canon Arthur John Worlledge M.A. principal; Rev. Henry Richard Jennings M.A. vice-principal.

Truro Wesleyan College, founded in January, 1880, is a middle class school, affording a thorough English education at a moderate cost; the buildings, standing at a considerable elevation above the city in a very healthy situation, are constructed of stone, with brick dressings & mouldings of terra cotta, & consist of a large schoolroom, five class rooms, a dining hall, dormitories, lavatories, isolated sick room & chemical laboratory. The foundation stone was laid in June, 1881, by the late Sir W. McArthur K.C.M.G., M.P. then Lord Mayor of London; the total cost has been about £12,000, and the premises are arranged for about 120 boarders. Attached to the school are the following scholarships : The Smith-Dunheved, value £60, entitling the holder to one year’s residence at Dunheved College, Launceston; the Bickford-Smith scholarship, value £15, tenable at the school for one year & two college scholarships, value £10 & £15, tenable for one year at the school.

Training College (for girls), Agar road, erected in 1858, for 40 pupils, who are trained as schoolmistresses.

National Schools are the practising schools for this institution.

School of Art, 13 Lemon street.

Truro School of Mining, Engineering & Metallurgy, established in 1855, for giving theoretical & practical instruction in all matters relating to civil & mining engineers; principals, James Henderson M.I.C.E. & H. G. Henderson, formerly of the Royal Artillery; General & Surveying offices, 30 & 31 Lemon street, with a field within 100 yards for the use of beginners in surveying; Metallurgical & Assay office, Enys quay.

High School for Girls, Strangway’s terrace.

St. Mary’s National (mixed & infants), originally built in Old Bridge street, in 1836 & re-erected in Pydar street in 1891, for 400 children; average attendance, 95 boys & girls & 97 infants.

National, Fairmantle street, established in 1812, for 320 children ; average attendance, 100 boys & 60 girls.

St. John’s National (infants), Fairmantle street, for 146 children; average attendance, 85.

St. George’s National, St. George’s road, built in 1847, from designs by the Rev. Francis Charles Hingeston-Randolph M.A. rector of Ringmore, Devon & enlarged in 1893 for 320 children; average attendance, 120 boys & girls & 80 infants.

St. Paul’s National (practising schools to the Diocesan Training College for Schoolmistresses), Agar road, built about 1860, for 300 children; average attendance, 196 boys & girls & 132 infants.

St. Paul’s National (boys), built in 1896, for 270 boys.

British, Kenwyn street (mixed & infants), for 600 children ; average attendance, 128 boys & girls & 135 infants. New schools are now (1897) being built, at an estimated cost of £2,500.

Wesleyan Day, Union place, originally built for a Sunday school; it holds 300 children; average attendance, 165 boys, 54 girls & 63 infants.

CONVEYANCE

Water Conveyance

The “Flora” & “Henrietta” sail to London from the wharf of the company about every 12 days, wind & weather permitting.

Omnibuses & Vans to:—

Carharrack-Kinsman & Jones, Mon. Wed. & Sat. 5.30 p.m. Chacewater, Camborne & Redruth-J. Clemo, from Victoria place, daily 5.30 p.m. Cubert-A. Chenoweth, from High cross, Wed. & sat. 4.30 p.m.

Cusgarne-Davey, from Victoria place, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Devoran-P. Martin, ’bus, from Boscawen street, Mon. Wed. & Sat. 4.30 p.m. winter, 6 p.m. summer, through Feock; James Mitchell, from Boscawen street, Wed. & Sat. 6 p.m.

Falmouth-Allen’s van, from Boscawen street, Mon. Tues. Thurs. & Sat. 9.45 a.m.

Feock-W. Mellen, from Boscawen street, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m. summer, 4.30 p.m. winter.

Fowey-Mitchell’s van, from Boscawen street, Mon. & Thur. 11 a.m.

Gerrans-E. Nicholls, from Victoria place, Sat. 3.30 p.m.; W. H. Nicholls, Victoria place, Wed. 3.30 p.m.

Goonhavern-James Buddie, from High cross, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.; 4.30 p.m. Winter.

Grampound-James R. James, ’bus, from Boscawen street, Mon. Wed. Thur. & Sat. 4.30 p.m. winter, 5 p.m. sum.

Grampound Road-George James, bus, from Boscawen street, Mon. Wed. Thur. & Sat. 5.30 p.m.

Gwennap-Gribble, ’bus, from Victoria place, Mon. Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Lanner-Benjamin Gribble, Victoria place, Mon. Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Ladock-Stephen Kemp, Princes street, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Mount Hawk-John Williams, bus, from Victoria place, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Newlyn East-Matthew Henry Newton, from High cross, Wed. & Sat. 4.30 p.m.; W. Bennetto, from High cross, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Newquay, through Mitchell-Thomas Plater, from High cross, Mon. 4 p.m. Wed. & Sat. 4.30 p.m.

Padstow-Carlile’s van, Victoria place, Sat. 10.30 a.m.

Perran-Arthur Chenoweth, High cross, Wed. & sat. 4.30 p.m.

Perran Porth-R. Mitchell, High cross, Wed. & Sat. 4.30 p.m. winter, 5 p.m. summer; J. Mitchell, High cross, Wed. & Sat. 4.45 p.m.; Charles Tregonning, High cross, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m. summer, 4.30 p.m. winter.

Perranzabuloe-J. Buddell, High cross, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Ponsanooth-Martin’s brake, from Royal hotel, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Portloe & Veryan, through Tregony-James Cocks, from Princes street, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Probus-G. James, Boscawen street, Mon. Wed. Thur. & Sat. 5.30 p.m.

Redruth-J. Clemo, from Victoria place, daily 5.30 p.m.

Rijarrah-J. A. Penna, from High cross, Wed. & Sat., 5 p.m.

Rose-Saml. Penna, from High cross, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

St. Agnes-Richard James’ bus, from Victoria place, Wed. 6 sat. 4.30 p.m.; Henry Stribley, from Victoria place, Mon. Wed. & Sat. 4.30 p.m.

St. Agnes & Mithian & Trevellas-W. Cowling, from Victoria place, Wed. & Sat. 4.30 p.m.

St. Columb-William Hoblyn’s bus, High cross, Wed. &: Sat. 4 p.m.

St. Mawes-John Dodson, from Boscawen st. Wed. 5 p.m.

St. Day-Jones & Kinsman, from Victoria place, Mon. Wed. & Sat. 5.30 p.m.

Summercourt & St. Enoder-Mrs. Phillipa Benney, High cross, Wed. & Sat. 4.30 p.m.

Tregony-Caleb Greet, from Princes street, Mon. Wed. &. Sat. 5 p.m.

Veryan-John Mason, from ‘White Hart,' Wed. & Sat. 4.30 p.m.

Wadebridge-Hosking & Son, from Victoria place, Tues. & Fri. noon.

Zelah-O. Sampson, from High cross, Wed. & Sat. 5 p.m.

Omnibuses from the Royal hotel, Lemon street, & ‘ Red Lion, ' Boscawen street, to meet every train.