This surname is derived from the name of an ancestor. 'the son of Alan,' or 'Allen,' or 'Aleyn': Yonge.

'Aleyne, propyr name, Alanus': Promptorium Parvulorum.

'Forth goth Alein, the clerk, and also John.'—Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales.

(The 'd' in Alland is an excrescence as in Simmonds.) One of our most popular names while surnames were becoming hereditary; said to have come into England with Alan Fergeant, Count of Brittany, a companion of the Conqueror, and first Earl of Richmond, Yorkshire Very soon common to north England and the Scottish border.

Henry Aleyn, 1273. Hundred Rolls.

Hugh fil. Aleyn, ibid.

Allaine Bawdyson.

Aleyn Forman. Rolls of Parliament.

Thomas fil Alani. Writs of Parliament.

The founder of Dulwich Coll., 1619, was Edward Allen, or Alleyne.

Derivatives, Allcock, Allkins, Allnutt, and perhaps Allatt, which see. Possibly an abbrev. of Alinot; v. Allnutt.

This name in Scotland is of twofold origin: (1) from the Old Gaelic name Ailine (the Alienus of Adamnan, I, 43) or Ailin, from ail 'rock,' seen in the old name of Dumbarton (Ail Cluade, 'rock of the Clyde'). From this source comes Alwyn, the name of the first earls of Levenax, early confused with Old English Aelwin. (2) from the Breton through NF. Alan. Alan or Alain Fergant was one of the leading Bretons who accompanied William the Conqueror to England. The oldest form of the name, on tenth century Breton coins, seems to be Alamnus, though we also find Alanus in the same century (Loth, p. 83). Alan, king of Brittany, is mentioned in Brut y Twysagion under 683. The form Alamnus points to Alemannus, the Germanic tribal name, meaning 'all men,' as the source of the personal name. The name became a popular one in Scotland from its occurrence in the family of the Stewards. Alan, son of Waldeve witnessed charters by King David I, 1139 (Raine, 19, 20), Alanus, brother of Galfridus Redberd witnessed sale of a tenement in Perth, 1219 (Scon, p. 52), and Alanus, capellanus Willelmi Cumyn, comes de Buchan, 1221 (RAA., I, p. 93). Aleyn fitz Maucolum of Berwickshire and John fiz Aleyn, burgess of Montrose, rendered homage, 1296 (Bain, II, p. 198,207), Loughlan le fiz Aleyn, son-in-law of Alexander of Argyll, was received to the king of England's peace in 1301 (ibid., p. 307). Duncan Alowne was admitted burgess of Aberdeen, 1446 (NSCM., I, p. 10). Henry Alane was clerk of accounts of the king's household, 1490. Henry Alane was archdeacon of Dunblane, 1498. Thomas Ailen in Jedburgh, 1641 (RRM., I, p. 89). The Allans of Bute, who appear also in record as Callan, Callen, Macallan, and Maccallan, are properly Macallans. Bearers of the name Allan are permitted by grace of the sartorial fraternity to wear the tartan of Macdonald of Clan Ranald, or alternatively, that of Clan Macfarlane. Alen, Alene (1565), Allane (1554), Alland, Allone. compare Alman.

V. the commoner form Allen.

(English, Scottish) Descendant of Alan (a very old name of obscure origin); dweller near the Allen (green plain), the name of rivers in Cornwall, Dorset, Northumberland and Stirlingshire.

See Allen. Also Gael, allean, grim, fierce.

From the personal name Alan, common in Norman times. Edw. Allen or Alleyne, when he founded Dulwich College, 1619, directed that the master and the warden of his establishment should bear the name of Alleyne or Allen, a regulation which has always been adhered to without much inconvenience, on account of the numerousness of the families bearing it. There are more than fifty coats-armorial assigned to the surname.

From aluinn, fair, handsome.

Derived, according to Julius Scaliger, from the Sclavonic Aland, a wolf—dog, a hound, and Chaucer uses Aland in the same sense. Bailey derives it as the same from the British. Camden thinks it a corruption of Ælianus, which signifies sun—bright. From the same we have Allen, Allin, Alleyne. In the Gaelic, Aluinn signifies exceedingly fair, handsome, elegant, lovely; Irish, Alun, fair, beautiful.

Sometimes for Fitz-Alan, a Breton family. See Stuart.

Allen. —From Alan, a common personal name at the time of the Norman Conquest. Widely distributed, but, excepting Northumberland, rare in the northern counties beyond the Humber and the Mersey, and infrequent also in the four south - western counties of England. The principal centres of this name seem at present to be in Derbyshire, Hants, Leicestershire, Rutlandshire, Lincolnshire, and Suffolk. Allan is a frequent form across the Scottish border, and is especially characteristic of the south of Scotland; it extends into Northumberland, where Allen also occurs.

 The origins of the name remain uncertain. It is possible that it derives from ‘the Alan’, meaning a member of the nomadic Scythian tribe which emerged from Central Asia in the centuries before the birth of Christ. The first references to the name are found in early Breton ballads. Here the name occurs in the form ‘Alamn’. The name soon standardised to Alan in Old Breton and Alain in Old French, though it remained a Breton name. Its popularity increased as a result of one Alan, Bishop of Quimper, a Welsh-Breton, whose holy life led him to become the first St Alan. It is perhaps from the example of St Alan that it was said in those days that the name Alan meant ‘harmony’, though this remains unconfirmed from etymological sources.

The name Alan first came to England with the Norman Conquest. Amongst William the Conqueror’s companies in arms were several Alans (and Alains), notably Alain le Roux (Alan the Red). After the Conquest, along with several other Breton first names, the first name Alan became widespread in England. Several remain popular as surnames to this day. Examples include Brett, Jewell, Brian, Justin and Wymark.

Curiously, the first name Alan became most popular in England in its Old French form of Alain, rather than the Old Breton form of Alan. In the centuries after the Conquest this name was found most frequently in Lincolnshire, where many of William the Conqueror’s Breton soldiers settled as farmers. The first recorded English mention of the surname dates from the earliest records of the Domesday Book which record a certain Alanus in Suffolk in 1086. This is the Latinised form of the name; the additional ‘-us’ may well have been little more than a clerical formalisation (Latin being the prevalent written language of the time). The name also appears in this form in the Domesday records for Lincolnshire in 1150.

The name Allen as a surname, and as a first name (with various spellings in both cases), is also popular in Scotland, though there is no question of Breton links in these cases as this part of Britain was not subject to Norman conquest. Here the name derives from the Gaelic personal name Ailin, from ‘ail’-‘stone’. It may thus be originally a place name-for a man who lived by, or under a large, prominent stone or rock; or in some cases it may have been a nickname, attributing stoniness-either of strength, or character, or brain-to its owner. These early nicknames were often the result of local wit-and were often ironic-the local Alan (or stone) could therefore frequently have been not the village Sampson, but rather the village simpleton or weakling.

As Allan (the most frequent Scottish form) this name is often found in Northumbria. Here some of the derivations are doubtless from the Breton, though the large majority are of Scottish (Gaelic) origin.

Allens can take pride in two of Ireland’s most notable geographic features-the Bog of Allen, over 378 square miles of peat bogs in East Central Eire; and Lough Allen, on the Shannon, which is 8 miles long and up to 3 miles wide.

Allen’s rule is the zoological principle that cold-climate animals have shorter smaller appendages and thus keep body heat loss down. It is named after US zoologist, Joel Asaph Allen.

The surname boasts six Lord Mayors of London: Roger FitzAlan (1212—14), Peter FitzAlan (1246), Sir John Aleyn (1525 and 1535), William Allen (1571) Thomas Alleyn (1659) and William Allen (1867).

The Van Allen radiation belts, 600 miles from the earth, have a major effect on our planet’s atmosphere and rotation. They’re named after their American discoverer, physicist James Alfred Van Allen (b. 1914—).

The British Field Marshal, Viscount Allenby, Edmund Henry Hynman (1861—1936), is best remembered today for his invasion of Palestine during World War I, when he captured Jerusalem. This led to the fall of Damascus, and ultimately Turkey itself. The Allenby Bridge, which today links Israel and Jordan across the Jordan River, is named after him.

There are 5 towns in the United Kingdom which contain either Allan or Allen in their names. These range from Allanaquoich to Allensmore. The United States has 5 towns named Allen, along with another 8 towns which have Allen contained in their names. Both Syria and the United Kingdom have Allan Rivers, while New Zealand and the United States have Mount Allens.

With about 128,000 namesakes, Allen is the 39th most popular surname in England and Wales, while Allan, with about 16,000, is the 41st most popular surname in Scotland. Allen is notably popular in and around Leicester where an estimated one in about 300 families bears the name. In descending numerical order Nottingham, Sheffield and Birmingham are other Allen strongholds. Around the world, Allens are most common in Canberra (one in 500 families), Melbourne (one in 578) and Auckland (one in 680). The United States has more Allens than the entire population of Bristol-an estimated total of just over 480,000 makes this their 25th most popular name.