Chis Surname
Approximately 10,820 people bear this surname
Chis Surname User-submission:
This is a romanized version derived from the Hungarian surname Kis, meaning 'small'.
Chis Surname Distribution Map
| Place | Incidence | Frequency | Rank in Area |
|---|---|---|---|
| Romania | 9,252 | 1:2,170 | 283 |
| Spain | 452 | 1:103,434 | 8,370 |
| Pakistan | 267 | 1:669,078 | 10,262 |
| United States | 206 | 1:1,759,509 | 115,901 |
| Guatemala | 196 | 1:82,054 | 2,751 |
| Canada | 72 | 1:511,744 | 43,418 |
| Mexico | 50 | 1:2,482,524 | 20,876 |
| Russia | 49 | 1:2,941,287 | 160,625 |
| England | 37 | 1:1,505,893 | 64,828 |
| Sweden | 27 | 1:364,695 | 25,646 |
| Ireland | 21 | 1:224,235 | 8,707 |
| Italy | 20 | 1:3,057,834 | 99,174 |
| India | 20 | 1:38,353,269 | 431,471 |
| Brazil | 16 | 1:13,379,646 | 256,605 |
| Austria | 14 | 1:608,245 | 54,975 |
| Australia | 12 | 1:2,249,642 | 97,973 |
| Belgium | 11 | 1:1,045,149 | 78,166 |
| Hungary | 10 | 1:981,628 | 46,877 |
| Denmark | 7 | 1:806,388 | 43,211 |
| Thailand | 6 | 1:11,773,058 | 553,295 |
| Qatar | 6 | 1:393,000 | 55,922 |
| Germany | 5 | 1:16,101,092 | 397,699 |
| Taiwan | 5 | 1:4,688,949 | 27,695 |
| Indonesia | 5 | 1:26,449,839 | 597,308 |
| Malaysia | 5 | 1:5,898,845 | 196,803 |
| Belarus | 4 | 1:2,375,265 | 105,497 |
| Singapore | 4 | 1:1,376,926 | 28,409 |
| Malawi | 4 | 1:4,279,777 | 24,060 |
| Netherlands | 3 | 1:5,629,059 | 132,535 |
| New Zealand | 2 | 1:2,264,162 | 49,210 |
| Greece | 2 | 1:5,539,895 | 129,142 |
| Moldova | 2 | 1:1,780,684 | 55,103 |
| Finland | 2 | 1:2,748,351 | 72,663 |
| France | 2 | 1:33,211,361 | 423,184 |
| Israel | 2 | 1:4,278,817 | 136,311 |
| Cuba | 1 | 1:11,522,716 | 17,380 |
| Ghana | 1 | 1:27,020,692 | 23,742 |
| Zimbabwe | 1 | 1:15,438,240 | 133,260 |
| Bulgaria | 1 | 1:6,978,905 | 86,260 |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | 1:9,162,273 | 135,437 |
| Uganda | 1 | 1:39,039,279 | 258,887 |
| Burundi | 1 | 1:9,804,852 | 2,349 |
| Switzerland | 1 | 1:8,212,915 | 156,297 |
| Cambodia | 1 | 1:15,487,146 | 14,824 |
| Chile | 1 | 1:17,616,474 | 93,597 |
| Congo | 1 | 1:4,989,096 | 34,171 |
| Luxembourg | 1 | 1:580,542 | 15,155 |
| Czechia | 1 | 1:10,633,469 | 206,023 |
| Peru | 1 | 1:31,784,123 | 64,452 |
| Djibouti | 1 | 1:914,932 | 1,612 |
| Norway | 1 | 1:5,142,286 | 129,201 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 1 | 1:5,972,654 | 99,197 |
| Myanmar | 1 | 1:51,937,985 | 2,166 |
| Morocco | 1 | 1:34,476,099 | 111,471 |
| Latvia | 1 | 1:2,050,046 | 60,295 |
| Dominican Republic | 1 | 1:10,432,932 | 36,508 |
| Lithuania | 1 | 1:3,034,588 | 47,401 |
| Place | Incidence | Frequency | Rank in Area |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 6 | 1:8,369,781 | 355,680 |
The alternate forms: Chiş (1,419) & Chiș (1,123) are calculated separately.
Chis (630) may also be a first name.
Chis Surname Meaning
User-submitted Reference
This is a romanized version derived from the Hungarian surname Kis, meaning 'small'.
- nathankisChis Demographics
Average Chis Salary in
United States
$46,824 USD
Per year
Average Salary in
United States
$43,149 USD
Per year
View the highest/lowest earning families in The United States
Chis Last Name Facts
Where Does The Last Name Chis Come From? nationality or country of origin
The surname Chis (Hindi: चीस, Marathi: चीस, Russian: Чис, Tibetan: ཅིས་) occurs in Romania more than any other country or territory. It can occur as: Chiş or Chiș. For other possible spellings of Chis click here.
How Common Is The Last Name Chis? popularity and diffusion
The surname is the 47,759th most frequently occurring family name throughout the world, held by approximately 1 in 673,526 people. The surname Chis is primarily found in Europe, where 92 percent of Chis reside; 86 percent reside in Eastern Europe and 86 percent reside in Romanian Europe. It is also the 331,749th most commonly occurring first name at a global level, borne by 630 people.
The last name Chis is most numerous in Romania, where it is carried by 9,252 people, or 1 in 2,170. In Romania Chis is mostly found in: Sălaj County, where 19 percent are found, Cluj County, where 16 percent are found and Maramureș County, where 13 percent are found. Beside Romania this surname exists in 56 countries. It also occurs in Spain, where 4 percent are found and Pakistan, where 2 percent are found.
Chis Family Population Trend historical fluctuation
The frequency of Chis has changed over time. In The United States the share of the population with the surname increased 3,433 percent between 1880 and 2014.
Chis Last Name Statistics demography
The religious adherence of those bearing the Chis last name is principally Orthodox (100%) in Russia.
In The United States Chis are 18.2% more likely to be registered Democrats than the national average, with 71.43% being registered to vote for the party.
The amount Chis earn in different countries varies somewhat. In United States they earn 8.52% more than the national average, earning $46,824 USD per year and in Canada they earn 20.23% more than the national average, earning $59,735 CAD per year.
Phonetically Similar Names
| Surname | Similarity | Worldwide Incidence | Prevalency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chiş | 92 | 1,419 | / |
| Chiș | 92 | 1,123 | / |
| Chies | 89 | 3,184 | / |
| Chise | 89 | 1,344 | / |
| Chish | 89 | 593 | / |
| Chios | 89 | 388 | / |
| Chois | 89 | 346 | / |
| Chais | 89 | 289 | / |
| Chiss | 89 | 152 | / |
| Cheis | 89 | 96 | / |
| Chist | 89 | 70 | / |
| Chuis | 89 | 47 | / |
| Chisp | 89 | 7 | / |
| Chijs | 89 | 7 | / |
| Schis | 89 | 2 | / |
| Chisz | 89 | 2 | / |
| Chisc | 89 | 1 | / |
| Tchis | 89 | 1 | / |
| Chihs | 89 | 1 | / |
| Chi | 86 | 1,098,244 | / |
| His | 86 | 2,789 | / |
| Cis | 86 | 2,420 | / |
| Chaise | 80 | 923 | / |
| Schies | 80 | 284 | / |
| Chisht | 80 | 275 | / |
| Choise | 80 | 255 | / |
| Scheis | 80 | 159 | / |
| Cahais | 80 | 76 | / |
| Chishe | 80 | 59 | / |
| Schist | 80 | 41 | / |
| Chisse | 80 | 15 | / |
| Chitse | 80 | 11 | / |
| Schiss | 80 | 10 | / |
| Chaits | 80 | 8 | / |
| Chaiss | 80 | 4 | / |
| Cheise | 80 | 4 | / |
| Chisth | 80 | 4 | / |
| Tchiss | 80 | 3 | / |
| Chuise | 80 | 2 | / |
| Chuish | 80 | 2 | / |
| Chaids | 80 | 1 | / |
| Cheish | 80 | 1 | / |
| Schise | 80 | 1 | / |
| Chiess | 80 | 1 | / |
| Tcheis | 80 | 1 | / |
| Tchais | 80 | 1 | / |
| Chaish | 80 | 1 | / |
| Chaisz | 80 | 1 | / |
| Chiosz | 80 | 1 | / |
| Chisch | 80 | 0 | / |
| Schisz | 80 | 0 | / |
| Choish | 80 | 0 | / |
| Chidse | 80 | 0 | / |
| Chai | 75 | 1,025,020 | / |
| Choi | 75 | 439,579 | / |
| Chit | 75 | 73,921 | / |
| Chui | 75 | 49,650 | / |
| Ciss | 75 | 44,514 | / |
| Chio | 75 | 10,213 | / |
| Chie | 75 | 3,212 | / |
| Cise | 75 | 3,105 | / |
| Hise | 75 | 3,088 | / |
| Chih | 75 | 2,490 | / |
| Cais | 75 | 2,424 | / |
| Hiss | 75 | 2,340 | / |
| Heis | 75 | 2,225 | / |
| Huis | 75 | 1,864 | / |
| Hais | 75 | 1,819 | / |
| Hish | 75 | 1,528 | / |
| Ches | 75 | 1,397 | / |
| Cois | 75 | 1,127 | / |
| Chip | 75 | 1,030 | / |
| Cisz | 75 | 1,022 | / |
| Hois | 75 | 944 | / |
| Chij | 75 | 927 | / |
| Chii | 75 | 902 | / |
| Chyi | 75 | 455 | / |
| Chei | 75 | 352 | / |
| Chiz | 75 | 331 | / |
| Hies | 75 | 315 | / |
| Chiy | 75 | 246 | / |
| Cuis | 75 | 208 | / |
| Chys | 75 | 193 | / |
| Cies | 75 | 159 | / |
| Shis | 75 | 145 | / |
| Cijs | 75 | 126 | / |
| Khis | 75 | 109 | / |
| Ceis | 75 | 87 | / |
| Chid | 75 | 86 | / |
| Chhi | 75 | 77 | / |
| Scis | 75 | 56 | / |
| Schi | 75 | 40 | / |
| Cisd | 75 | 19 | / |
| Cist | 75 | 16 | / |
| Hsis | 75 | 12 | / |
| Hihs | 75 | 10 | / |
| Hisz | 75 | 9 | / |
| Chix | 75 | 9 | / |
| Hist | 75 | 8 | / |
| Cehs | 75 | 8 | / |
| Cizs | 75 | 8 | / |
| Zhis | 75 | 6 | / |
| Cish | 75 | 6 | / |
| Ccis | 75 | 6 | / |
| Xchi | 75 | 5 | / |
| Hisp | 75 | 4 | / |
| Czis | 75 | 4 | / |
| Chci | 75 | 3 | / |
| Hixs | 75 | 3 | / |
| Hchi | 75 | 3 | / |
| Cóis | 75 | 3 | / |
| Cišs | 75 | 3 | / |
| Chgi | 75 | 3 | / |
| Cisc | 75 | 2 | / |
| Hjis | 75 | 2 | / |
| Zchi | 75 | 2 | / |
| Tcis | 75 | 2 | / |
| Cgis | 75 | 2 | / |
| Xhis | 75 | 2 | / |
| Chês | 75 | 1 | / |
| Jcis | 75 | 1 | / |
| Chiż | 75 | 1 | / |
| Chơi | 75 | 1 | / |
| Gcis | 75 | 1 | / |
| Zcis | 75 | 1 | / |
| Xcis | 75 | 1 | / |
| Cjhs | 75 | 1 | / |
| Ckis | 75 | 1 | / |
| Hhis | 75 | 1 | / |
| Hisj | 75 | 1 | / |
| Hijs | 75 | 1 | / |
| Schiess | 73 | 3,302 | / |
| Chisowa | 73 | 941 | / |
| Tchisse | 73 | 746 | / |
| Choishe | 73 | 150 | / |
| Schiesz | 73 | 88 | / |
| Chaisse | 73 | 82 | / |
| Schuijs | 73 | 33 | / |
| Chisova | 73 | 26 | / |
| Scheiss | 73 | 16 | / |
| Chuisse | 73 | 15 | / |
| Tchuise | 73 | 9 | / |
| Schaiss | 73 | 4 | / |
| Schisch | 73 | 2 | / |
| Tcheise | 73 | 2 | / |
| Chaaise | 73 | 1 | / |
| Scheisp | 73 | 1 | / |
| Schioss | 73 | 1 | / |
| Cheishe | 73 | 1 | / |
| Chuitts | 73 | 1 | / |
| Schiehs | 73 | 1 | / |
| Schitse | 73 | 1 | / |
| Schaist | 73 | 1 | / |
| Chaishe | 73 | 1 | / |
| Scheist | 73 | 0 | / |
| Scheits | 73 | 0 | / |
| Schisze | 73 | 0 | / |
| Schisdt | 73 | 0 | / |
| Schuise | 73 | 0 | / |
| Scheish | 73 | 0 | / |
| Cisse | 67 | 923,975 | / |
| Ci | 67 | 157,992 | / |
| Hi | 67 | 28,693 | / |
| Heise | 67 | 27,493 | / |
| Heiss | 67 | 8,095 | / |
| Chizh | 67 | 6,372 | / |
| Chaix | 67 | 6,026 | / |
| Chaiy | 67 | 4,785 | / |
| Shish | 67 | 4,677 | / |
| Haist | 67 | 3,338 | / |
| Chich | 67 | 3,222 | / |
| Hishe | 67 | 3,063 | / |
| Chess | 67 | 3,033 | / |
| Chait | 67 | 2,873 | / |
| Heist | 67 | 2,621 | / |
| Huish | 67 | 2,387 | / |
| Schei | 67 | 1,734 | / |
| Chaia | 67 | 1,727 | / |
| Haish | 67 | 1,669 | / |
| Chaid | 67 | 1,641 | / |
| Schio | 67 | 1,517 | / |
| Coish | 67 | 1,070 | / |
| Chhih | 67 | 1,062 | / |
| Schie | 67 | 1,032 | / |
| Huijs | 67 | 1,003 | / |
| Chipp | 67 | 878 | / |
| Chieh | 67 | 702 | / |
| Cishe | 67 | 656 | / |
| Chije | 67 | 634 | / |
| Hiess | 67 | 571 | / |
| Heijs | 67 | 530 | / |
| Caise | 67 | 529 | / |
| Khais | 67 | 510 | / |
| Heisz | 67 | 492 | / |
| Haise | 67 | 430 | / |
| Tchuisse | 67 | 426 | / |
| Haiss | 67 | 363 | / |
| Schai | 67 | 354 | / |
| Chese | 67 | 349 | / |
| Chest | 67 | 345 | / |
| Huise | 67 | 314 | / |
| Chuit | 67 | 280 | / |
| Chiea | 67 | 265 | / |
| Chaai | 67 | 252 | / |
| Chaij | 67 | 219 | / |
| Choix | 67 | 212 | / |
| Cheas | 67 | 206 | / |
| Cissp | 67 | 201 | / |
| Heits | 67 | 195 | / |
| Khise | 67 | 179 | / |
| Chihe | 67 | 176 | / |
| Hisse | 67 | 175 | / |
| Schiz | 67 | 169 | / |
| Cheij | 67 | 164 | / |
| Hisch | 67 | 163 | / |
| Huits | 67 | 162 | / |
| Ceise | 67 | 162 | / |
| Shais | 67 | 153 | / |
| Høiås | 67 | 149 | / |
| Chhit | 67 | 144 | / |
| Cheix | 67 | 138 | / |
| Chitt | 67 | 135 | / |
| Chuiz | 67 | 133 | / |
| Chesh | 67 | 129 | / |
| Chaip | 67 | 126 | / |
| Huiss | 67 | 117 | / |
| Chhai | 67 | 107 | / |
| Heihs | 67 | 102 | / |
| Czisz | 67 | 100 | / |
| Khish | 67 | 99 | / |
| Chays | 67 | 93 | / |
| Choij | 67 | 93 | / |
| Schui | 67 | 80 | / |
| Hoiss | 67 | 74 | / |
| Cheys | 67 | 70 | / |
| Cheus | 67 | 67 | / |
| Chișe | 67 | 62 | / |
| Scios | 67 | 55 | / |
| Choit | 67 | 45 | / |
| Chaih | 67 | 43 | / |
| Hiesz | 67 | 43 | / |
| Shise | 67 | 41 | / |
| Chees | 67 | 40 | / |
| Caish | 67 | 39 | / |
| Haisz | 67 | 38 | / |
| Chişe | 67 | 36 | / |
| Hiehs | 67 | 35 | / |
| Chhoi | 67 | 34 | / |
| Chice | 67 | 34 | / |
| Hisht | 67 | 31 | / |
| Coise | 67 | 31 | / |
| Caits | 67 | 27 | / |
| Sciss | 67 | 26 | / |
| Schid | 67 | 26 | / |
| Cheid | 67 | 26 | / |
| Cheit | 67 | 25 | / |
| Chchi | 67 | 24 | / |
| Chaiz | 67 | 23 | / |
| Haits | 67 | 23 | / |
| Chioa | 67 | 23 | / |
| Huist | 67 | 22 | / |
| Hsiss | 67 | 22 | / |
| Khois | 67 | 21 | / |
| Tshis | 67 | 21 | / |
| Choid | 67 | 20 | / |
| Cisss | 67 | 19 | / |
| Zhiss | 67 | 18 | / |
| Chuys | 67 | 18 | / |
| Hoise | 67 | 17 | / |
| Chysh | 67 | 17 | / |
| Schoi | 67 | 16 | / |
| Huisz | 67 | 16 | / |
| Hoist | 67 | 15 | / |
| Hoisz | 67 | 14 | / |
| Haais | 67 | 14 | / |
| Chuih | 67 | 13 | / |
| Heish | 67 | 12 | / |
| Scheidts | 67 | 12 | / |
| Shiss | 67 | 12 | / |
| Chets | 67 | 12 | / |
| Sheis | 67 | 12 | / |
| Kheis | 67 | 12 | / |
| Schuijts | 67 | 12 | / |
| Sches | 67 | 11 | / |
| Chysz | 67 | 11 | / |
| Huids | 67 | 9 | / |
| Shist | 67 | 9 | / |
| Shuis | 67 | 9 | / |
| Chishova | 67 | 8 | / |
| Choih | 67 | 8 | / |
| Cheih | 67 | 8 | / |
| Chiey | 67 | 8 | / |
| Chijc | 67 | 8 | / |
| Chhip | 67 | 6 | / |
| Chiez | 67 | 6 | / |
| Heiås | 67 | 6 | / |
| Ciesz | 67 | 6 | / |
| Cuish | 67 | 5 | / |
| Chizz | 67 | 5 | / |
| Chhui | 67 | 5 | / |
| Schic | 67 | 5 | / |
| Choys | 67 | 5 | / |
| Khies | 67 | 5 | / |
| Schii | 67 | 5 | / |
| Chișș | 67 | 5 | / |
| Tschisch | 67 | 5 | / |
| Chioy | 67 | 5 | / |
| Cheiz | 67 | 5 | / |
| Hitse | 67 | 5 | / |
| Cuise | 67 | 4 | / |
| Chicz | 67 | 4 | / |
| Czzis | 67 | 4 | / |
| Choiy | 67 | 4 | / |
| Chitc | 67 | 4 | / |
| Caiss | 67 | 3 | / |
| Dzhis | 67 | 3 | / |
| Scheisse | 67 | 3 | / |
| Cuiss | 67 | 3 | / |
| Haids | 67 | 3 | / |
| Hsish | 67 | 3 | / |
| Chidd | 67 | 3 | / |
| Ceiss | 67 | 3 | / |
| Chuip | 67 | 3 | / |
| Schij | 67 | 3 | / |
| Chyts | 67 | 3 | / |
| Chiåž | 67 | 3 | / |
| Cahís | 67 | 3 | / |
| Chiej | 67 | 3 | / |
| Schiy | 67 | 2 | / |
| Chissova | 67 | 2 | / |
| Shies | 67 | 2 | / |
| Schse | 67 | 2 | / |
| Cisth | 67 | 2 | / |
| Heids | 67 | 2 | / |
| Chejs | 67 | 2 | / |
| Caist | 67 | 2 | / |
| Cehes | 67 | 2 | / |
| Cheip | 67 | 2 | / |
| Chhei | 67 | 2 | / |
| Chuiy | 67 | 2 | / |
| Ciese | 67 | 2 | / |
| Cuist | 67 | 2 | / |
| Cisce | 67 | 2 | / |
| Chesr | 67 | 2 | / |
| Caisp | 67 | 2 | / |
| Qheis | 67 | 2 | / |
| Tches | 67 | 2 | / |
| Schys | 67 | 2 | / |
| Chyss | 67 | 2 | / |
| Hhiss | 67 | 2 | / |
| Jhuis | 67 | 2 | / |
| Jheis | 67 | 2 | / |
| Hissh | 67 | 2 | / |
| Chuisova | 67 | 1 | / |
| Qhais | 67 | 1 | / |
| Choip | 67 | 1 | / |
| Choiz | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chesp | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chhic | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chhid | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hchoi | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hsies | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hhise | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hiesh | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hiezs | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hijjs | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hizzs | 67 | 1 | / |
| Czuis | 67 | 1 | / |
| Haisj | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hoish | 67 | 1 | / |
| Høgis | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hihhs | 67 | 1 | / |
| Histø | 67 | 1 | / |
| Jschi | 67 | 1 | / |
| Zchai | 67 | 1 | / |
| Shios | 67 | 1 | / |
| Schaëgis | 67 | 1 | / |
| Schih | 67 | 1 | / |
| Scies | 67 | 1 | / |
| Tchuitse | 67 | 1 | / |
| Cėgis | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chuid | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chuij | 67 | 1 | / |
| Ceist | 67 | 1 | / |
| Csizs | 67 | 1 | / |
| Cuits | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chidt | 67 | 1 | / |
| Cheische | 67 | 1 | / |
| Cheić | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chujs | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hoihs | 67 | 1 | / |
| Xhish | 67 | 1 | / |
| Qgcis | 67 | 1 | / |
| Schiesss | 67 | 1 | / |
| Zhais | 67 | 1 | / |
| Xchoi | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chioz | 67 | 1 | / |
| Chjsd | 67 | 1 | / |
| Cyzhs | 67 | 1 | / |
| Czsis | 67 | 1 | / |
| Csais | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hzais | 67 | 1 | / |
| Hidsp | 67 | 1 | / |
| Coyhs | 67 | 0 | / |
| Coits | 67 | 0 | / |
| Cisst | 67 | 0 | / |
| Histt | 67 | 0 | / |
| Scise | 67 | 0 | / |
| Scisc | 67 | 0 | / |
| Ceisz | 67 | 0 | / |
| Ceisc | 67 | 0 | / |
| Hisce | 67 | 0 | / |
Chis Name Transliterations
| Transliteration | ICU Latin | Percentage of Incidence |
|---|---|---|
| Chis in the Tibetan language | ||
| ཅིས་ | chi | - |
| Chis in the Marathi language | ||
| चीस | cisa | - |
| Chis in the Hindi language | ||
| चीस | cisa | 50 |
| चिस | cisa | 50 |
| Chis in the Russian language | ||
| Чис | cis | - |
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Footnotes
- Surnames are taken as the first part of an person's inherited family name, caste, clan name or in some cases patronymic
- Descriptions may contain details on the name's etymology, origin, ethnicity and history. They are largely reproduced from 3rd party sources; diligence is advised on accepting their validity - more information
- Name distribution statistics are generated from a global database of over 4 billion people - more information
- Heatmap: Dark red means there is a higher occurrence of the name, transitioning to light yellow signifies a progressively lower occurrence. Clicking on selected countries will show mapping at a regional level
- Rank: Name are ranked by incidence using the ordinal ranking method; the name that occurs the most is assigned a rank of 1; name that occur less frequently receive an incremented rank; if two or more name occur the same number of times they are assigned the same rank and successive rank is incremented by the total preceeding names
- Ethnic group cannot necessarily be determined by geographic occurrence
- Similar: Names listed in the "Similar" section are phonetically similar and may not have any relation to Chis
- To find out more about this surname's family history, lookup records on FamilySearch, MyHeritage, FindMyPast and Ancestry. Further information may be obtained by DNA analysis