This surname is derived from the name of an ancestor. 'the son of Graland,' probably the Breton Gradlon (v. Yonge). It is found as a dog's name: 'Ran Colle our dogge, and Talbot, and Gerlond.' Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales.

Graland soon became Garland. Graland de Runchamp, Henry III-Edward I: Testa de Nevill, sive Liber Feodorum, temp. Henry III-Edward I.

Graland de St. Leodegario: ibid.

Graland de Longo Campo: ibid.

John Garlande, 1379: Poll Tax of Yorkshire.

Thomas Gerland, 1379: ibid.

(a) Local.

Gilbert de Garlande, Close Rolls 28 Edward I.

William le de Garlaunde, Close Rolls, 3 Edward I.

(1) From the Old English personal name Gaerland; (2) of local origin from some place of the name, gaer and land are common elements in Old English nomenclatere. Joannes de Gar landia (d. 1202), English poet and gram marian, was the probable author of the Florentius; (3) in the North of England it is paralleled with Garthland, i.e. "garth land"; (4) Weekley further suggests that the name "may have been taken from the sign of an inn-The Garland in Little East Cheape, some time a brew house (Stow)" (p. 312; compare Ewen, p. 23) Robert Gerland of Perthshire rendered homage in 1296 (Bain, II, p. 204), Thomas Gerland was rector of the church of Banevy, 1321 (HP., II, p. 225), and Gilbert Gerland was bailie of Perth, 1359 (ER., I, p. 618). Thomas Garland was burgess of Linlithgow in 1360 (ER., II, p. 9), and Roger Gerland or Garland was rector of the church of Eglisham, 1368—70 (RMP., p. 329,427; CAC., I, 24). William Gerland, canon of Caithness, had confirmation of the provision made to him of a canonry in 1379 (Pap. Lett., IV, p. 237—238). Malisius Gerland was one of an assize in 1389 regarding the mill-lands of Quarelwode, Moray (REM., p. 171), Thomas Gerlond had a safe conduct to return to Scotland in 1425 (Bain, IV, 985), John Gerlonde was burgess of Glasgow, 1482 (REG., 428), and Elena Carlande, spouse of Robert Broustar, appears also in Glasgow, 1487 (ibid., 454). David Garland in Vindiage, parish of Dunnichen, 1598, and three more of the name are recorded in Brechin Commissariot Record, Andrew Garland in Clarilaw, 1661 (RRM., I, p. 364), and George Garland was changekeeper in Gorbals, 1787 (Campsie).

Though there is an English surname Garland (of dual derivation —— from garth land or a nickname) in Ireland it is a synonym of Gernon, which it has almost entirely superseded. Gernon is, according to Reaney, itself in the nickname category, from Old-French grenon or gernon, a moustache. The transition from Gernon to Garlan and thence to Gartlan is curious ——the final d is intrusive (like BolanBoland)— but that it took place is indisputable: thus, to give but two of many examples, Roger Gernon, sheriff of Co. Louth in 1578,was known both officially and colloquially as Gernon and Garland, and the well-known Patrick Gernon of Gernonstown is described in deed of 1642as Patrick Garland of Garlandstown. The Gernons of Gernonstown, Co. Meath and Killincoole Castle, Co. Louth, descend from Roger de Gernon, who accompanied Strongbow in the Anglo—Norman invasion of 1172; and this suggests that in that case Gernon was a French place-name. Other examples of the use of this de occur in such records as the thirteenth and fourteenth century Justiciary Rolls, so it is unlikely that de is a substitution for le, as has happened quite often with other surnames. In the Dowdall Deeds, which deal with counties Louth and Meath from the thirteenth century, the variants Gernon, Garnon, Gernin, Gearlon, and Garland occupy nearly two columns of the index. In the 1598 manuscript preserved at Clongowes we meet Gerlone and Gerlonstown as well as Garland of Garlandstown and Garland of Killincoole. The C0. Armagh hearth money rolls have Gernon and Garnan but no Garland. Similarly the Jacobite outlawries, which include eleven members of this family, are all in the name Gernon not Garland. Occasionally we find the forms MacGartlany and O'Gartlany, e.g. in the Co. Monaghan hearth money rolls of 1663-5(in which Gartlan and Gernon also appear): presumably these Gaelic prefixes are not authentic, for many examples can be cited of their addition to non-Gaelic names. MacGartland and MacGartleny are, however, still found in Co. Tyrone. The main location of the Garlands in modern times is around Carrickmacross, in Co. Monaghan, near the border of Counties Louth and Meath. The Franciscan Anthony Gearnon (d.post 1667) author of “Parrthas an Anma” was an Irishman, but Luke Gernon (d. 1673), who was appointed judge in Munster in 1619 and was the author of the treatise A Discourse of Ireland, came to this country from England. According to Dr. Richard Hayes the Gernons of Bordeaux are descended from Christopher Gernon of Drogheda.

(English) 1 the Anglo-Saxon pers. name Garland.

2 Dweller at the Gore-Land, i.e., a triangular piece of land [O.E .gára+ land] (Anglo-French) a nick- or pet-name [Middle English gerlond, Old French garlande, a garland]

The earlier form of this name, Gernon, has been almost entirely superseded by Garland. It has been very prominent in Cos. Meath and Louth since Roger de Gernon accompanied Strongbow in 1172. SIF 74

(English) Descendant of Gaerland (spear, land); dweller at the triangular field; dweller at the sign off the garland.

A local surname, but I cannot find the place. John de Garlande, author of the Dictionarius, flourished in the XII. and XIII. cent. Though a professor at Paris, he was an Englishman by birth. See Wright's Vocab. p. 120. Gerland, the first mathematical writer in England after the Conquest, was living in 1086, but whether he was of English birth is uncertain. Garlond, Garland, and Gerlaundes occur in the H. R., without prefix.

John de Garlande and William de G. mentioned in Normandy 1180-98 (Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniae). William de Garlande, Seneschal of France, Lord of G. and Liury, t. William I., was father of Ansel de G., Seneschal of France, whose son Gilbert was Butler of France (La Roque, Mais. Harc. ii. 1815). William de G. in 1165 held Neuchatel in the Norman Vexin, and a barony in Normandy (Feod. Norm. Duchesne). Roger, William, and Richard Garlande held a fief in Devon 13th century, from Henry de la Pomeraye (Testa de Neville). This great family is extinct in France.

A location name in Devon.