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The surname Kiselev was formed on behalf of his own and refers to a common type of Russian surnames. The basis of the Kiselev surname was the worldly name Kisely. Such a name was added by the child's parents to the name received by him at baptism. The presence of a second, secular, name was a kind of tribute to the ancient Slavic tradition of dual-name. Its purpose was to conceal the main, church name from 'evil spirits' and 'evil spirits.' The secular name Kissel in the XV – XVII centuries was widespread in different social layers of the population. Among the Eastern Slavs and in the eastern regions of Poland and Slovakia, kissel was a ritual dish, mainly of a funeral and sacrificial character. For Russians, the funeral jelly was cooked in a special way: a bundle of burning torches was inserted into the fermented flour solution, and it was boiled with hot stones. In Russian fairy tales, the connection of kissel with the world of the dead is reflected in the plots where the hero finds himself in the 'other world' or in the distant kingdom and sees milk rivers with kissel shores. In addition, in various dialects of the Russian language, kiss was called a weak, helpless person, crybaby. Therefore, we can assume that the name Kisel was given as a talisman and performed a protective function. According to the custom that existed in Russia, similar names were assigned to children in order to avert evil forces. In order not to tempt fate and avert evil, children were given names with a meaning directly opposite to what their parents expected or desired. According to another hypothesis, the name Kiselev is based on the nickname Kisel, which is etymologically associated with the verbs 'to kiss' (that is, 'to flatter, to overscale'), 'to kissel' (that is, 'to become important, to melt from flattery'). In this case, Kissel could be called a man who loved to squander compliments or listen to them. The surname Kiselev is very ancient - the first references to family names in historical documents date back to the 15th century: Pan Tikhno Kisel, 1475; peasant Vasco Kiselev, peasant 1500. Several noble families of the Kiselev family are known in the history of Russia. The oldest of them is included in the VI part of the genealogy books of the Moscow and Penza provinces. The founder of this family is considered to be Sventoldy Kisel, who was a commander under the Grand Duke Vladimir Monomakh. The descendants of Sventoldi, Kiselev, served in Poland and in Russia in various ranks and were granted estates. Ivan Aleksandrovich Kiselev was governor in Veliky Ustyug in 1452. Seven Kiselevs were killed during the capture of Kazan in 1552. Stepan Fedorovich Kiselev served in Murom in 1578. His sons - two Ivan - were Moscow nobles, and grandson Leonty Kiselev - governor in Yuryev-Polsky (1676). The great-nephew of the latter, Ivan Alekseevich (1711-1766), was a comrade (deputy) of the Moscow governor. His son Dmitry Ivanovich (1761-1820) was an assistant to the head of the Armory. One of his sons, Pavel Dmitrievich Kiselev, became Minister of State Property, Infantry General, Knight of the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called, was elevated to count dignity. The coat of arms of the Kiselev family is included in Part III of the 'General Tombstone of the noble clans of the All-Russian Empire' (p. 9). The emblem is a shield on which a silver tent is depicted in a red field, and above it is a black-silver canopy crowned with a golden cross. The shield is crowned with a noble helmet and a crown, on which are placed three brick columns decorated with crowns. The mark on the shield is red, lined with silver. Among the famous representatives of the surname are Ivan Pavlovich Kiselev (1783-1853), a Russian major general, a participant in the campaigns of 1812-1814; Alexander Alexandrovich Kiselev (1838-1911), Russian landscape painter; Vasily Nikolayevich Kiselev (1910-1943), Soviet military pilot, hero of the Great Patriotic War, Hero of the Soviet Union.